Pharmacogenomics. Knowledge. Implementation.

Chemical: Drug
efavirenz

Clinical PGx
PGx Research
Overview
Properties
Pathways
Is Related To
Publications
LinkOuts

Prescribing Info (3) Drug Labels (4) Clinical Annotations (32)

Available Prescribing Info

Annotated Labels

Annotation of FDA Label for efavirenz and CYP2B6
Annotation of EMA Label for efavirenz,emtricitabine,tenofovir and CYP2B6
Annotation of PMDA Label for efavirenz and CYP2B6
Annotation of HCSC Label for efavirenz,emtricitabine,tenofovir and CYP2B6

1. Annotation of FDA Label for efavirenz and CYP2B6

On FDA Biomarker List

Actionable PGx

Summary

The FDA-approved drug label for efavirenz (SUSTIVA) states that efavirenz concentrations were higher in patients with the CYP2B6*6/*6 genotype as compared to the *1/*1 genotype, and that a positive relationship between increased efavirenz concentrations and QTc prologation has been observed.

There's more of this label. Read more.

last updated 09/16/2014

2. Annotation of EMA Label for efavirenz,emtricitabine,tenofovir and CYP2B6

Actionable PGx

Summary

The EMA European Public Assessment Report (EPAR) for efavirenz, emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil (Atripla) contains pharmacogenetic information related to possible increased exposure to efavirenz in patients homozygous for the CYP2B6 G516T variant (rs3745274 genotype TT), and though the clinical implications of this are unknown, the potential for an increased frequency and severity of adverse events cannot be excluded.

There's more of this label. Read more.

3. Annotation of PMDA Label for efavirenz and CYP2B6

Actionable PGx

Summary

The PMDA package insert for efavirenz (STOCRIN) notes that patients with the CYP2B6 rs3745274 TT genotype may have an increased AUC as compared to those with the GG genotype.

There's more of this label. Read more.

4. Annotation of HCSC Label for efavirenz,emtricitabine,tenofovir and CYP2B6

Actionable PGx

Summary

The product monograph for efavirenz, emtricitabine and tenofovir (ATRIPLA) states that patients homozygous for the G516T genetic variant in CYP2B6 may have increased plasma exposure of the drug. However, the effect of this increase on the occurrence of adverse events is unclear.

There's more of this label. Read more.

Clinical Variants that meet the highest level of criteria, manually curated by PharmGKB, are shown below.

To see more Clinical Variants with lower levels of criteria, click the button at the bottom of the page.

Clinical Annotation for rs3745274 (CYP2B6), efavirenz and HIV (level 1B Dosage)

Level of Evidence: Level 1B
Type: Dosage
Variant: rs3745274
Genes: CYP2B6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs2279343 (CYP2B6), efavirenz and HIV (level 2A Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 2A
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs2279343
Genes: CYP2B6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Asian, Black or African American, White

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs3745274 (CYP2B6), efavirenz and HIV (level 2A Toxicity/ADR)

Level of Evidence: Level 2A
Type: Toxicity/ADR
Variant: rs3745274
Genes: CYP2B6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs2279345 (CYP2B6), efavirenz, HIV and Tuberculosis (level 2A Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 2A
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs2279345
Genes: CYP2B6
Phenotypes: HIV, Tuberculosis
OMB Race: Asian
Race Notes: Thai

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs28399499 (CYP2B6), efavirenz and HIV (level 2A Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 2A
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs28399499
Genes: CYP2B6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for CYP2B61, CYP2B66, efavirenz and HIV (level 2A)

Level of Evidence: Level 2A
Type: Other
Variant: *1, *6
Genes: CYP2B6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Asian, Black or African American

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs4803419 (CYP2B6), efavirenz and HIV (level 2B Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 2B
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs4803419
Genes: CYP2B6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population
Race Notes: Black and unknown

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs3003596 (NR1I3), efavirenz and HIV (level 3 Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs3003596
Genes: NR1I3
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Unknown

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs2307424 (NR1I3), efavirenz and HIV (level 3 Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs2307424
Genes: NR1I3
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs1800896 (IL10), efavirenz and HIV Infections (level 3 Toxicity/ADR)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Toxicity/ADR
Variant: rs1800896
Genes: IL10
Phenotypes: HIV Infections
OMB Race: Unknown

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs28365062 (UGT2B7), efavirenz and HIV (level 3 Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs28365062
Genes: UGT2B7
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs7439366 (UGT2B7), efavirenz and HIV Infections (level 3)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Other
Variant: rs7439366
Genes: UGT2B7
Phenotypes: HIV Infections
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs1045642 (ABCB1), efavirenz, nelfinavir and HIV (level 3 Efficacy, Toxicity/ADR)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Efficacy, Toxicity/ADR
Variant: rs1045642
Genes: ABCB1
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs1045642 (ABCB1), efavirenz and HIV Infections (level 3)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Other
Variant: rs1045642
Genes: ABCB1
Phenotypes: HIV Infections
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs3842 (ABCB1), efavirenz and HIV (level 3)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Other
Variant: rs3842
Genes: ABCB1
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs2032582 (ABCB1), efavirenz and HIV (level 3 Efficacy)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Efficacy
Variant: rs2032582
Genes: ABCB1
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs2740574 (CYP3A, CYP3A4), efavirenz and HIV (level 3)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Other
Variant: rs2740574
Genes: CYP3A, CYP3A4
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs776746 (CYP3A5), efavirenz and HIV Infections (level 3)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Other
Variant: rs776746
Genes: CYP3A5
Phenotypes: HIV Infections
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs8192726 (CYP2A6), efavirenz and HIV Infections (level 3)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Other
Variant: rs8192726
Genes: CYP2A6
Phenotypes: HIV Infections
OMB Race: Black or African American, White, Hispanic or Latino
Race Notes: Black or African American, Chilean and White.

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs8192719 (CYP2B6), efavirenz and HIV (level 3 Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs8192719
Genes: CYP2B6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Asian
Race Notes: Thai

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs28399433 (CYP2A6), efavirenz and HIV (level 3)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Other
Variant: rs28399433
Genes: CYP2A6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Black or African American
Race Notes: Ghanaians and Haitians of African descent.

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs8192709 (CYP2B6), efavirenz (level 3 Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs8192709
Genes: CYP2B6
OMB Race: Asian

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs35303484 (CYP2B6), efavirenz and HIV (level 3 Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs35303484
Genes: CYP2B6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Black or African American

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs36118214 (CYP2B6), efavirenz and HIV (level 3 Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs36118214
Genes: CYP2B6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Black or African American

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs1884613 (HNF4A), efavirenz and HIV (level 3 Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs1884613
Genes: HNF4A
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Unknown

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs2853826, efavirenz, lopinavir, Nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, ritonavir and HIV (level 3 Toxicity/ADR)

Level of Evidence: Level 3
Type: Toxicity/ADR
Variant: rs2853826
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: White

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs2231142 (ABCG2), efavirenz, HIV and HIV Infections (level 4 Toxicity/ADR)

Level of Evidence: Level 4
Type: Toxicity/ADR
Variant: rs2231142
Genes: ABCG2
Phenotypes: HIV, HIV Infections
OMB Race: White
Race Notes: Caucasian.

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs1128503 (ABCB1), efavirenz and HIV (level 4 Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 4
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs1128503
Genes: ABCB1
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Unknown

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs717620 (ABCC2), efavirenz and HIV (level 4 Metabolism/PK)

Level of Evidence: Level 4
Type: Metabolism/PK
Variant: rs717620
Genes: ABCC2
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Unknown

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs6313 (HTR2A), efavirenz, HIV and HIV Infections (level 4 Toxicity/ADR)

Level of Evidence: Level 4
Type: Toxicity/ADR
Variant: rs6313
Genes: HTR2A
Phenotypes: HIV, HIV Infections
OMB Race: White
Race Notes: Caucasian.

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for rs28399454 (CYP2A6), efavirenz and HIV (level 4)

Level of Evidence: Level 4
Type: Other
Variant: rs28399454
Genes: CYP2A6
Phenotypes: HIV
OMB Race: Mixed Population

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Clinical Annotation for CYP2B627, CYP2B628, efavirenz (level 4)

Level of Evidence: Level 4
Type: Other
Variant: *27, *28
Genes: CYP2B6
OMB Race: Unknown

To see the rest of this clinical annotation please register or sign in.

Disclaimer: The PharmGKB's clinical annotations reflect expert consensus based on clinical evidence and peer-reviewed literature available at the time they are written and are intended only to assist clinicians in decision-making and to identify questions for further research. New evidence may have emerged since the time an annotation was submitted to the PharmGKB. The annotations are limited in scope and are not applicable to interventions or diseases that are not specifically identified.

The annotations do not account for individual variations among patients, and cannot be considered inclusive of all proper methods of care or exclusive of other treatments. It remains the responsibility of the health-care provider to determine the best course of treatment for a patient. Adherence to any guideline is voluntary, with the ultimate determination regarding its application to be made solely by the clinician and the patient. PharmGKB assumes no responsibility for any injury or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of the PharmGKB clinical annotations, or for any errors or omissions.

? = Mouse-over for quick help

The table below contains information about pharmacogenomic variants on PharmGKB. Please follow the link in the "Variant" column for more information about a particular variant. Each link in the "Variant" column leads to the corresponding PharmGKB Variant Page. The Variant Page contains summary data, including PharmGKB manually curated information about variant-drug pairs based on individual PubMed publications. The PMIDs for these PubMed publications can be found on the Variant Page.

The tags in the first column of the table indicate what type of information can be found on the corresponding Variant Page.

Links in the "Gene" column lead to PharmGKB Gene Pages.

List of all variant annotations for efavirenz

	Gene ?	Variant? (147)	Alternate Names ?	Chemicals ?	Alleles ? (+ chr strand)	Function ?	Amino Acid? Translation
VA	CYP2A6	*1A		efavirenz	N/A	N/A	N/A
VIP	CYP2A6	*1X2A		caffeine efavirenz nicotine	N/A	N/A	N/A
VIP VA	CYP2A6	*2		efavirenz letrozole nicotine	N/A	N/A	N/A
VIP	CYP2A6	*4A		caffeine coumarin efavirenz letrozole nicotine pilocarpine tegafur valproic acid	N/A	N/A	N/A
VIP	CYP2A6	*7		caffeine efavirenz letrozole nicotine tegafur	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	CYP2A6	*9		efavirenz	N/A	N/A	N/A
VIP	CYP2A6	*9A		caffeine efavirenz letrozole nicotine pilocarpine tegafur	N/A	N/A	N/A
VIP	CYP2A6	*10		caffeine efavirenz letrozole tegafur	N/A	N/A	N/A
VIP	CYP2A6	*12A		coumarin efavirenz letrozole	N/A	N/A	N/A
VIP VA	CYP2A6	*17		efavirenz letrozole nicotine	N/A	N/A	N/A
CA VA	CYP2B6	*1		efavirenz lamivudine rifampin stavudine zidovudine	N/A	N/A	N/A
VIP CA VA	CYP2B6	*6		bupropion cyclophosphamide efavirenz lamivudine stavudine zidovudine	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	CYP2B6	*6A		efavirenz	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	CYP2B6	*9		efavirenz	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	CYP2B6	*11A		efavirenz	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	CYP2B6	*18		efavirenz	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	CYP2B6	*26		efavirenz	N/A	N/A	N/A
CA	CYP2B6	*27			N/A	N/A	N/A
CA VA	CYP2B6	*28		efavirenz	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	CYP2C19	*1		efavirenz omeprazole	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	CYP2C19	*2		efavirenz omeprazole	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	CYP2C19	*3		efavirenz omeprazole	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	HLA-DRB1	*01:01:01		efavirenz nevirapine	N/A	N/A	N/A
VA	CYP2B6	rs1042389	NC_000019.10:g.41018248T>C, NC_000019.9:g.41524153T>C, NG_007929.1:g.31950T>C, NM_000767.4:c.1421T>C, XM_005258571.1:c.1421T>C, XM_011526548.1:c.1421T>C, XM_011526549.1:c.1421T>C, XM_011526550.1:c.*1421T>C, rs3181848, rs57627668	efavirenz	T > C	SNP
VIP CA VA	ABCB1	rs1045642	NC_000007.13:g.87138645A>G, NC_000007.14:g.87509329A>G, NG_011513.1:g.208920T>C, NM_000927.4:c.3435T>C, NP_000918.2:p.Ile1145=, rs10239679, rs11568726, rs117328163, rs17210003, rs2229108, rs386513066, rs60023214, rs9690664	nevirapine efavirenz nelfinavir	A > G	SNP	I1145I
VA	NR1I2	rs1054190	NC_000003.11:g.119536718C>T, NC_000003.12:g.119817871C>T, NG_011856.1:g.42388C>T, NM_003889.3:c.659C>T, NM_022002.2:c.659C>T, NM_033013.2:c.*659C>T, XM_005247866.1:c.995+2040C>T, rs17203829, rs3194719, rs56558716, rs57770599	efavirenz	C > T	SNP
VA	NR1I2	rs1054191	NC_000003.11:g.119536897G>A, NC_000003.12:g.119818050G>A, NG_011856.1:g.42567G>A, NM_003889.3:c.838G>A, NM_022002.2:c.838G>A, NM_033013.2:c.*838G>A, XM_005247866.1:c.995+2219G>A, rs17809762, rs17838785, rs3194721, rs57939560	efavirenz	G > A	SNP
CA VA	ABCB1	rs1128503	NC_000007.13:g.87179601A>G, NC_000007.14:g.87550285A>G, NG_011513.1:g.167964T>C, NM_000927.4:c.1236T>C, NP_000918.2:p.Gly412=, rs116989428, rs17276907, rs2032587, rs2229105, rs28365046, rs386518005, rs58257317	efavirenz	A > G	SNP	G412G
VA	CYP2B6	rs12721655	NC_000019.10:g.41004377A>G, NC_000019.9:g.41510282A>G, NG_007929.1:g.18079A>G, NM_000767.4:c.415A>G, NP_000758.1:p.Lys139Glu, XM_005258569.1:c.415A>G, XM_005258569.3:c.415A>G, XM_005258570.1:c.415A>G, XM_005258571.1:c.295A>G, XM_006723050.2:c.415A>G, XM_011526546.1:c.415A>G, XM_011526547.1:c.415A>G, XM_011526548.1:c.415A>G, XM_011526549.1:c.-145A>G, XM_011526550.1:c.295A>G, XP_005258626.1:p.Lys139Glu, XP_005258627.1:p.Lys139Glu, XP_005258628.1:p.Lys99Glu, XP_006723113.1:p.Lys139Glu, XP_011524848.1:p.Lys139Glu, XP_011524849.1:p.Lys139Glu, XP_011524850.1:p.Lys139Glu, XP_011524852.1:p.Lys99Glu, rs56006122	bupropion efavirenz	A > G	SNP	K139E
VA	SLCO3A1	rs1517618	NC_000015.10:g.92104415G>C, NC_000015.9:g.92647645G>C, NM_001145044.1:c.882G>C, NM_013272.3:c.882G>C, NP_001138516.1:p.Glu294Asp, NP_037404.2:p.Glu294Asp, XM_005254889.1:c.882G>C, XM_005254890.1:c.708G>C, XM_005254891.1:c.537G>C, XM_011521456.1:c.708G>C, XM_011521457.1:c.882G>C, XP_005254946.1:p.Glu294Asp, XP_005254947.1:p.Glu236Asp, XP_005254948.1:p.Glu179Asp, XP_011519758.1:p.Glu236Asp, XP_011519759.1:p.Glu294Asp, XR_429450.2:n.802G>C, XR_931795.1:n.972G>C, XR_931796.1:n.972G>C, rs17519193, rs17844850, rs17857564, rs52834221, rs60307785	zidovudine efavirenz lamivudine nevirapine	G > C	SNP	E294D
CA VA	IL10	rs1800896	NC_000001.10:g.206946897T>C, NC_000001.11:g.206773552T>C, NG_012088.1:g.3943A>G, NM_000572.2:c.-1117A>G, XM_011509506.1:c.-1001-116A>G, rs36213835, rs386545607, rs59915840	efavirenz	T > C	SNP
VIP	CYP2A6	rs1801272	NC_000019.10:g.40848628A>T, NC_000019.9:g.41354533A>T, NG_008377.1:g.6820T>A, NM_000762.5:c.479T>A, NP_000753.3:p.Leu160His, XM_005258568.1:c.326T>A, XP_005258625.1:p.Leu109His, rs111473904, rs17791931, rs4986890, rs56844942		A > T	SNP	L160H
CA VA	HNF4A	rs1884613	NC_000020.10:g.42980415C>G, NC_000020.11:g.44351775C>G, NG_009818.1:g.975C>G, XR_936745.1:n.486+93G>C, XR_936746.1:n.490+93G>C, XR_936747.1:n.405+93G>C, XR_936748.1:n.278+93G>C, XR_936749.1:n.490+93G>C, XR_936750.1:n.285+93G>C	efavirenz	C > G	SNP
CA VA	ABCB1	rs2032582	NC_000007.13:g.87160618A>C, NC_000007.13:g.87160618A>T, NC_000007.14:g.87531302A>C, NC_000007.14:g.87531302A>T, NG_011513.1:g.186947T>A, NG_011513.1:g.186947T>G, NM_000927.4:c.2677T>A, NM_000927.4:c.2677T>G, NP_000918.2:p.Ser893Ala, NP_000918.2:p.Ser893Thr, rs10228331, rs2229106, rs386553610, rs57135550, rs9641018	nevirapine efavirenz	A > C A > T	SNP	S893A
CA VA	ABCG2	rs2231142	NC_000004.11:g.89052323G>T, NC_000004.12:g.88131171G>T, NG_032067.2:g.105152C>A, NM_001257386.1:c.421C>A, NM_004827.2:c.421C>A, NP_001244315.1:p.Gln141Lys, NP_004818.2:p.Gln141Lys, XM_005263354.1:c.421C>A, XM_005263354.2:c.421C>A, XM_005263355.1:c.421C>A, XM_005263355.2:c.421C>A, XM_005263356.1:c.421C>A, XM_005263356.2:c.421C>A, XM_011532420.1:c.421C>A, XP_005263411.1:p.Gln141Lys, XP_005263412.1:p.Gln141Lys, XP_005263413.1:p.Gln141Lys, XP_011530722.1:p.Gln141Lys, rs12721641, rs28365035, rs3736117, rs52809243, rs58973676	efavirenz	G > T	SNP	Q141K
VA	ABCC4	rs2274407	NC_000013.10:g.95859035C>A, NC_000013.11:g.95206781C>A, NM_001105515.2:c.912G>T, NM_001301829.1:c.912G>T, NM_001301830.1:c.687G>T, NM_005845.4:c.912G>T, NP_001098985.1:p.Lys304Asn, NP_001288758.1:p.Lys304Asn, NP_001288759.1:p.Lys229Asn, NP_005836.2:p.Lys304Asn, XM_005254025.1:c.783G>T, XM_005254025.2:c.783G>T, XM_005254026.1:c.912G>T, XM_005254027.1:c.687G>T, XM_005254028.1:c.687G>T, XM_006719914.1:c.912G>T, XM_011521047.1:c.363G>T, XP_005254082.1:p.Lys261Asn, XP_005254083.1:p.Lys304Asn, XP_005254084.1:p.Lys229Asn, XP_005254085.1:p.Lys229Asn, XP_006719977.1:p.Lys304Asn, XP_011519349.1:p.Lys121Asn, rs117944872, rs52813831, rs58221897	efavirenz	C > A	SNP	K304N
CA VA	CYP2B6	rs2279343	NC_000019.10:g.41009358A>G, NC_000019.9:g.41515263A>G, NG_007929.1:g.23060A>G, NM_000767.4:c.785A>G, NP_000758.1:p.Lys262Arg, XM_005258569.1:c.785A>G, XM_005258569.3:c.785A>G, XM_005258570.1:c.785A>G, XM_005258571.1:c.365-2940A>G, XM_006723050.2:c.785A>G, XM_011526546.1:c.785A>G, XM_011526547.1:c.785A>G, XM_011526548.1:c.485-2940A>G, XM_011526549.1:c.194A>G, XM_011526550.1:c.365-2940A>G, XP_005258626.1:p.Lys262Arg, XP_005258627.1:p.Lys262Arg, XP_006723113.1:p.Lys262Arg, XP_011524848.1:p.Lys262Arg, XP_011524849.1:p.Lys262Arg, XP_011524851.1:p.Lys65Arg	nevirapine efavirenz	A > G	SNP	K262R
CA VA	CYP2B6	rs2279345	NC_000019.10:g.41009797T>C, NC_000019.9:g.41515702T>C, NG_007929.1:g.23499T>C, NM_000767.4:c.823-197T>C, XM_005258569.1:c.823-197T>C, XM_005258569.3:c.823-197T>C, XM_005258570.1:c.823-197T>C, XM_005258571.1:c.365-2501T>C, XM_006723050.2:c.823-197T>C, XM_011526546.1:c.823-197T>C, XM_011526547.1:c.823-197T>C, XM_011526548.1:c.485-2501T>C, XM_011526549.1:c.232-197T>C, XM_011526550.1:c.365-2501T>C, rs111133571, rs17713554, rs28969412, rs41314922, rs45631888, rs52823712, rs60560431	efavirenz	T > C	SNP
VA	ABCC9	rs2307024	NC_000012.11:g.22005003T>G, NC_000012.12:g.21852069T>G, NG_012819.1:g.89626A>C, NM_005691.2:c.2769+28A>C, NM_005691.3:c.2769+28A>C, NM_020297.2:c.2769+28A>C, NM_020297.3:c.2769+28A>C, XM_005253284.1:c.2769+28A>C, XM_005253284.2:c.2769+28A>C, XM_005253285.1:c.2769+28A>C, XM_005253286.1:c.2769+28A>C, XM_005253286.2:c.2769+28A>C, XM_005253287.1:c.2769+28A>C, XM_005253287.3:c.2769+28A>C, XM_005253288.1:c.2769+28A>C, XM_005253288.2:c.2769+28A>C, XM_005253289.1:c.2730+28A>C, XM_005253289.2:c.2730+28A>C, XM_005253290.1:c.2628+28A>C, XM_005253290.2:c.2628+28A>C, XM_005253291.1:c.2769+28A>C, XM_006719025.2:c.2730+28A>C, XM_011520545.1:c.2769+28A>C, rs59476731	efavirenz	T > G	SNP
CA VA	NR1I3	rs2307424	NC_000001.10:g.161202605G>A, NC_000001.11:g.161232815G>A, NG_029113.1:g.10396C>T, NM_001077469.2:c.540C>T, NM_001077470.2:c.453C>T, NM_001077471.2:c.540C>T, NM_001077472.2:c.453C>T, NM_001077473.2:c.453C>T, NM_001077474.2:c.540C>T, NM_001077475.2:c.453C>T, NM_001077476.2:c.453C>T, NM_001077477.2:c.453C>T, NM_001077478.2:c.540C>T, NM_001077479.2:c.453C>T, NM_001077480.2:c.540C>T, NM_001077481.2:c.540C>T, NM_001077482.2:c.540C>T, NM_005122.4:c.540C>T, NP_001070937.1:p.Pro180=, NP_001070938.1:p.Pro151=, NP_001070939.1:p.Pro180=, NP_001070940.1:p.Pro151=, NP_001070941.1:p.Pro151=, NP_001070942.1:p.Pro180=, NP_001070943.1:p.Pro151=, NP_001070944.1:p.Pro151=, NP_001070945.1:p.Pro151=, NP_001070946.1:p.Pro180=, NP_001070947.1:p.Pro151=, NP_001070948.1:p.Pro180=, NP_001070949.1:p.Pro180=, NP_001070950.1:p.Pro180=, NP_005113.1:p.Pro180=, XM_005245693.1:c.756C>T, XM_005245693.3:c.756C>T, XM_005245694.1:c.756C>T, XM_005245694.3:c.756C>T, XM_005245695.1:c.756C>T, XM_005245696.1:c.666C>T, XM_005245697.1:c.540C>T, XM_005245697.3:c.540C>T, XM_005245698.1:c.455-1341C>T, XM_005245699.1:c.455-1341C>T, XM_011510237.1:c.756C>T, XP_005245750.1:p.Pro252=, XP_005245751.1:p.Pro252=, XP_005245752.1:p.Pro252=, XP_005245753.1:p.Pro222=, XP_005245754.1:p.Pro180=, XP_011508539.1:p.Pro252=, rs58418822	efavirenz	G > A	SNP	P180P
VA	NR1I3	rs2502815	NC_000001.10:g.161203227G>A, NC_000001.11:g.161233437G>A, NG_029113.1:g.9774C>T, NM_001077469.2:c.239-99C>T, NM_001077470.2:c.152-99C>T, NM_001077471.2:c.239-99C>T, NM_001077472.2:c.152-99C>T, NM_001077473.2:c.152-99C>T, NM_001077474.2:c.239-99C>T, NM_001077475.2:c.152-99C>T, NM_001077476.2:c.152-99C>T, NM_001077477.2:c.152-99C>T, NM_001077478.2:c.239-99C>T, NM_001077479.2:c.152-99C>T, NM_001077480.2:c.239-99C>T, NM_001077481.2:c.239-99C>T, NM_001077482.2:c.239-99C>T, NM_005122.4:c.239-99C>T, XM_005245693.1:c.455-99C>T, XM_005245693.3:c.455-99C>T, XM_005245694.1:c.455-99C>T, XM_005245694.3:c.455-99C>T, XM_005245695.1:c.455-99C>T, XM_005245696.1:c.455-99C>T, XM_005245697.1:c.239-99C>T, XM_005245697.3:c.239-99C>T, XM_005245698.1:c.455-1963C>T, XM_005245699.1:c.455-1963C>T, XM_011510237.1:c.455-99C>T, rs58399464	efavirenz	G > A	SNP
CA VA	CYP3A4	rs2740574	NC_000007.13:g.99382096C>T, NC_000007.14:g.99784473C>T, NG_008421.1:g.4713G>A, NM_001202855.2:c.-392G>A, NM_017460.5:c.-392G>A, XM_011515841.1:c.-392G>A, XM_011515842.1:c.-392G>A, rs3176920, rs36231114, rs59393892	lamivudine zidovudine efavirenz	C > T	SNP
CA VA	UGT2B7	rs28365062	NC_000004.11:g.69964271A>G, NC_000004.12:g.69098553A>G, NM_001074.2:c.735A>G, NP_001065.2:p.Thr245=, XM_005265702.1:c.-13A>G, XM_005265702.2:c.-13A>G, XM_011532229.1:c.735A>G, XM_011532230.1:c.735A>G, XM_011532231.1:c.-13A>G, XP_011530531.1:p.Thr245=, XP_011530532.1:p.Thr245=, rs58136729	efavirenz	A > G	SNP	T245T
VA	CYP3A4	rs28371759	NC_000007.13:g.99361626A>G, NC_000007.14:g.99764003A>G, NG_008421.1:g.25183T>C, NM_001202855.2:c.875T>C, NM_017460.5:c.878T>C, NP_001189784.1:p.Leu292Pro, NP_059488.2:p.Leu293Pro, XM_011515841.1:c.878T>C, XM_011515842.1:c.875T>C, XP_011514143.1:p.Leu293Pro, XP_011514144.1:p.Leu292Pro, rs386574775, rs60608883	efavirenz	A > G	SNP	L292P
VIP CA VA	CYP2A6	rs28399433	NC_000019.10:g.40850474A>C, NC_000019.9:g.41356379A>C, NG_008377.1:g.4974T>G, NM_000762.5:c.-48T>G, XM_005258568.1:c.-48T>G, rs386508632, rs58538938	lamivudine zidovudine efavirenz	A > C	SNP
VIP CA VA	CYP2A6	rs28399454	NC_000019.10:g.40845362C>T, NC_000019.9:g.41351267C>T, NG_008377.1:g.10086G>A, NM_000762.5:c.1093G>A, NP_000753.3:p.Val365Met, XM_005258568.1:c.940G>A, XP_005258625.1:p.Val314Met, rs57673794	efavirenz	C > T	SNP	V365M
VIP CA VA	CYP2B6	rs28399499	NC_000019.10:g.41012316T>C, NC_000019.9:g.41518221T>C, NG_007929.1:g.26018T>C, NM_000767.4:c.983T>C, NP_000758.1:p.Ile328Thr, XM_005258569.1:c.983T>C, XM_005258569.3:c.983T>C, XM_005258570.1:c.983T>C, XM_005258571.1:c.383T>C, XM_006723050.2:c.983T>C, XM_011526546.1:c.983T>C, XM_011526547.1:c.983T>C, XM_011526548.1:c.503T>C, XM_011526549.1:c.392T>C, XM_011526550.1:c.383T>C, XP_005258626.1:p.Ile328Thr, XP_005258627.1:p.Ile328Thr, XP_005258628.1:p.Ile128Thr, XP_006723113.1:p.Ile328Thr, XP_011524848.1:p.Ile328Thr, XP_011524849.1:p.Ile328Thr, XP_011524850.1:p.Ile168Thr, XP_011524851.1:p.Ile131Thr, XP_011524852.1:p.Ile128Thr	lamivudine zidovudine efavirenz	T > C	SNP	I328T
CA VA		rs2853826		efavirenz ritonavir lopinavir Nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors	G > A	SNP
CA VA	NR1I3	rs3003596	NC_000001.10:g.161204217A>G, NC_000001.11:g.161234427A>G, NG_029113.1:g.8784T>C, NM_001077469.2:c.239-1089T>C, NM_001077470.2:c.152-1089T>C, NM_001077471.2:c.239-1089T>C, NM_001077472.2:c.152-1089T>C, NM_001077473.2:c.152-1089T>C, NM_001077474.2:c.239-1089T>C, NM_001077475.2:c.152-1089T>C, NM_001077476.2:c.152-1089T>C, NM_001077477.2:c.152-1089T>C, NM_001077478.2:c.239-1089T>C, NM_001077479.2:c.152-1089T>C, NM_001077480.2:c.239-1089T>C, NM_001077481.2:c.239-1089T>C, NM_001077482.2:c.239-1089T>C, NM_005122.4:c.239-1089T>C, XM_005245693.1:c.455-1089T>C, XM_005245693.3:c.455-1089T>C, XM_005245694.1:c.455-1089T>C, XM_005245694.3:c.455-1089T>C, XM_005245695.1:c.455-1089T>C, XM_005245696.1:c.455-1089T>C, XM_005245697.1:c.239-1089T>C, XM_005245697.3:c.239-1089T>C, XM_005245698.1:c.454+1420T>C, XM_005245699.1:c.454+1420T>C, XM_011510237.1:c.455-1089T>C	efavirenz	A > G	SNP
VA	CYP2B6	rs3211371	NC_000019.10:g.41016810C>T, NC_000019.9:g.41522715C>T, NG_007929.1:g.30512C>T, NM_000767.4:c.1459C>T, NP_000758.1:p.Arg487Cys, XM_005258569.1:c.48C>T, XM_005258569.3:c.48C>T, XM_005258570.1:c.214C>T, XM_005258571.1:c.859C>T, XM_006723050.2:c.143C>T, XM_011526547.1:c.*214C>T, XM_011526548.1:c.979C>T, XM_011526549.1:c.868C>T, XM_011526550.1:c.859C>T, XP_005258628.1:p.Arg287Cys, XP_011524850.1:p.Arg327Cys, XP_011524851.1:p.Arg290Cys, XP_011524852.1:p.Arg287Cys, rs12721654, rs28399500, rs33995163, rs58951873	nevirapine efavirenz	C > T	SNP	R487C
CA VA	CYP2B6	rs35303484	NC_000019.10:g.40991441A>G, NC_000019.9:g.41497346A>G, NG_007929.1:g.5143A>G, NM_000767.4:c.136A>G, NP_000758.1:p.Met46Val, XM_005258569.1:c.136A>G, XM_005258569.3:c.136A>G, XM_005258570.1:c.136A>G, XM_006723050.2:c.136A>G, XM_011526546.1:c.136A>G, XM_011526547.1:c.136A>G, XM_011526548.1:c.136A>G, XP_005258626.1:p.Met46Val, XP_005258627.1:p.Met46Val, XP_006723113.1:p.Met46Val, XP_011524848.1:p.Met46Val, XP_011524849.1:p.Met46Val, XP_011524850.1:p.Met46Val	efavirenz	A > G	SNP	M46V
CA VA	CYP2B6	rs36118214	NC_000019.10:g.41013401G>A, NC_000019.9:g.41519306G>A, NG_007929.1:g.27103G>A, NM_000767.4:c.1294+586G>A, XM_005258569.1:c.1152+916G>A, XM_005258569.3:c.1152+916G>A, XM_005258570.1:c.49+371G>A, XM_005258571.1:c.694+586G>A, XM_006723050.2:c.1352+371G>A, XM_011526546.1:c.487G>A, XM_011526547.1:c.*49+371G>A, XM_011526548.1:c.814+586G>A, XM_011526549.1:c.703+586G>A, XM_011526550.1:c.694+586G>A, rs60761763	efavirenz	G > A	SNP
VA	NR1I2	rs3732360	NC_000003.11:g.119536581C>T, NC_000003.12:g.119817734C>T, NG_011856.1:g.42251C>T, NM_003889.3:c.522C>T, NM_022002.2:c.522C>T, NM_033013.2:c.*522C>T, XM_005247866.1:c.995+1903C>T, rs386584908, rs57419996	efavirenz	C > T	SNP
VA		rs374527	NC_000008.10:g.55550927G>T, NC_000008.11:g.54638367G>T, XM_005251278.1:c.218-10618G>T	efavirenz	G > T	SNP
VIP CA VA	CYP2B6	rs3745274	NC_000019.10:g.41006936G>T, NC_000019.9:g.41512841G>T, NG_007929.1:g.20638G>T, NM_000767.4:c.516G>T, NP_000758.1:p.Gln172His, XM_005258569.1:c.516G>T, XM_005258569.3:c.516G>T, XM_005258570.1:c.516G>T, XM_005258571.1:c.364+2490G>T, XM_006723050.2:c.516G>T, XM_011526546.1:c.516G>T, XM_011526547.1:c.516G>T, XM_011526548.1:c.484+2490G>T, XM_011526549.1:c.-75-1G>T, XM_011526550.1:c.364+2490G>T, XP_005258626.1:p.Gln172His, XP_005258627.1:p.Gln172His, XP_006723113.1:p.Gln172His, XP_011524848.1:p.Gln172His, XP_011524849.1:p.Gln172His, rs56308434, rs57685583	stavudine zidovudine efavirenz lamivudine nevirapine	G > T	SNP	Q172H
VA	NR1I2	rs3814057	NC_000003.11:g.119537254A>C, NC_000003.12:g.119818407A>C, NG_011856.1:g.42924A>C, NM_003889.3:c.1195A>C, NM_022002.2:c.1195A>C, NM_033013.2:c.*1195A>C, XM_005247866.1:c.995+2576A>C	efavirenz	A > C	SNP
CA VA	ABCB1	rs3842	NC_000007.13:g.87133366T>C, NC_000007.14:g.87504050T>C, NG_011513.1:g.214199A>G, NM_000927.4:c.*193A>G, rs3747805, rs60395104	efavirenz	T > C	SNP
VA	CYP1A2	rs45564134	NC_000015.10:g.74756062delG, NC_000015.9:g.75048403delG, NG_008431.1:g.38521delG, NM_000761.3:c.974delG, NM_000761.4:c.974delG	efavirenz	G > -	indel
CA VA	CYP2B6	rs4803419	NC_000019.10:g.41006887C>T, NC_000019.9:g.41512792C>T, NG_007929.1:g.20589C>T, NM_000767.4:c.485-18C>T, XM_005258569.1:c.485-18C>T, XM_005258569.3:c.485-18C>T, XM_005258570.1:c.485-18C>T, XM_005258571.1:c.364+2441C>T, XM_006723050.2:c.485-18C>T, XM_011526546.1:c.485-18C>T, XM_011526547.1:c.485-18C>T, XM_011526548.1:c.484+2441C>T, XM_011526549.1:c.-75-50C>T, XM_011526550.1:c.364+2441C>T, rs60830962	lamivudine zidovudine efavirenz	C > T	SNP
VA	SLC22A1	rs628031	NC_000006.11:g.160560845A>G, NC_000006.12:g.160139813A>G, NM_003057.2:c.1222A>G, NM_153187.1:c.1222A>G, NP_003048.1:p.Met408Val, NP_694857.1:p.Met408Val, XM_005267102.1:c.1222A>G, XM_005267102.3:c.1222A>G, XM_005267103.1:c.1222A>G, XM_005267104.1:c.646A>G, XM_005267104.3:c.646A>G, XM_005267105.1:c.646A>G, XM_005267105.3:c.646A>G, XM_006715552.1:c.1222A>G, XM_011536074.1:c.646A>G, XP_005267159.1:p.Met408Val, XP_005267160.1:p.Met408Val, XP_005267161.1:p.Met216Val, XP_005267162.1:p.Met216Val, XP_006715615.1:p.Met408Val, XP_011534376.1:p.Met216Val, rs1086277, rs17202481, rs60990824	zidovudine efavirenz ritonavir lamivudine lopinavir nevirapine	A > G	SNP	M408V
CA VA	HTR2A	rs6313	NC_000013.10:g.47469940G>A, NC_000013.11:g.46895805G>A, NG_013011.1:g.6230C>T, NM_000621.4:c.102C>T, NM_001165947.2:c.160+869C>T, NP_000612.1:p.Ser34=, rs17367493, rs3742280, rs386602276, rs57425741	efavirenz	G > A	SNP	S34S
VA	NR1I2	rs6785049	NC_000003.11:g.119533733G>A, NC_000003.12:g.119814886G>A, NG_011856.1:g.39403G>A, NM_003889.3:c.795-93G>A, NM_022002.2:c.912-93G>A, NM_033013.2:c.684-93G>A, XM_005247866.1:c.630-93G>A, rs58368790	efavirenz	G > A	SNP
VA	CYP2B6	rs707265	NC_000019.10:g.41018182A>G, NC_000019.9:g.41524087A>G, NG_007929.1:g.31884A>G, NM_000767.4:c.1355A>G, XM_005258571.1:c.1355A>G, XM_011526548.1:c.1355A>G, XM_011526549.1:c.1355A>G, XM_011526550.1:c.*1355A>G, rs28969423, rs57822270	efavirenz	A > G	SNP
CA VA	ABCC2	rs717620	NC_000010.10:g.101542578C>T, NC_000010.11:g.99782821C>T, NG_011798.1:g.5116C>T, NM_000392.4:c.-24C>T, XM_005269536.1:c.-24C>T, XM_006717631.2:c.-24C>T, XM_011539291.1:c.-24C>T, XR_945604.1:n.166C>T, XR_945605.1:n.168C>T, rs17216163, rs386485129, rs58371376	efavirenz	C > T	SNP
VA	UGT2B7	rs7438284	NC_000004.11:g.69964337A>T, NC_000004.12:g.69098619A>T, NM_001074.2:c.801A>T, NP_001065.2:p.Pro267=, XM_005265702.1:c.54A>T, XM_005265702.2:c.54A>T, XM_011532229.1:c.801A>T, XM_011532230.1:c.801A>T, XM_011532231.1:c.54A>T, XP_005265759.1:p.Pro18=, XP_011530531.1:p.Pro267=, XP_011530532.1:p.Pro267=, XP_011530533.1:p.Pro18=, rs58290492	efavirenz	A > T	SNP	P267P
CA VA	UGT2B7	rs7439366	NC_000004.11:g.69964338T>C, NC_000004.12:g.69098620T>C, NM_001074.2:c.802T>C, NP_001065.2:p.Tyr268His, XM_005265702.1:c.55T>C, XM_005265702.2:c.55T>C, XM_011532229.1:c.802T>C, XM_011532230.1:c.802T>C, XM_011532231.1:c.55T>C, XP_005265759.1:p.Tyr19His, XP_011530531.1:p.Tyr268His, XP_011530532.1:p.Tyr268His, XP_011530533.1:p.Tyr19His, rs34924067, rs57980137	efavirenz	T > C	SNP	Y268H
VA	CYP1A2	rs762551	NC_000015.10:g.74749576C>A, NC_000015.9:g.75041917C>A, NG_008431.1:g.32035C>A, NM_000761.3:c.-9-154C>A, NM_000761.4:c.-9-154C>A, rs17861151, rs57172993	efavirenz	C > A	SNP
VA	UGT2B7	rs7668258	NC_000004.11:g.69962078T>C, NC_000004.12:g.69096360T>C, NM_001074.2:c.-161T>C, XM_005265702.1:c.-26-2180T>C, XM_005265702.2:c.-26-2180T>C, XM_011532229.1:c.-161T>C, XM_011532230.1:c.-161T>C, XM_011532231.1:c.-26-2180T>C, rs17551675, rs60174701	efavirenz	T > C	SNP
CA VA	CYP3A5	rs776746	NC_000007.13:g.99270539C>T, NC_000007.14:g.99672916T>C, NG_007938.1:g.12083G=, NG_007938.1:g.12083G>A, NM_000777.4:c.219-237A>G, NM_000777.4:c.219-237G>A, NM_001190484.2:c.219-237A>G, NM_001190484.2:c.219-237G>A, NM_001291829.1:c.-253-1A>G, NM_001291829.1:c.-253-1G>A, NM_001291830.1:c.189-237A>G, NM_001291830.1:c.189-237G>A, NR_033807.2:n.717-1A>G, NR_033807.2:n.717-1G>A, NR_033808.1:n.689-1G>A, NR_033809.1:n.581-237G>A, NR_033810.1:n.689-1G>A, NR_033811.1:n.321-1G>A, NR_033812.1:n.321-1G>A, XM_005250169.1:c.189-237G>A, XM_005250170.1:c.-357-1G>A, XM_005250171.1:c.-253-1G>A, XM_005250172.1:c.-254G>A, XM_005250173.1:c.-331-237G>A, XM_005250198.1:c.806-4288C>T, XM_006715859.2:c.219-237A>G, XM_011515843.1:c.-254A>G, XM_011515844.1:c.-229-237A>G, XM_011515845.1:c.-463-1A>G, XM_011515846.1:c.-331-237A>G, XM_011515847.1:c.-571-1A>G, XR_927383.1:n.344-237A>G, XR_927402.1:n.1466+48736T>C, rs10361242, rs11266830, rs386613022, rs58244770	nevirapine efavirenz	C > T	SNP
CA VA	CYP2B6	rs8192709	NC_000019.10:g.40991369C>T, NC_000019.9:g.41497274C>T, NG_007929.1:g.5071C>T, NM_000767.4:c.64C>T, NP_000758.1:p.Arg22Cys, XM_005258569.1:c.64C>T, XM_005258569.3:c.64C>T, XM_005258570.1:c.64C>T, XM_006723050.2:c.64C>T, XM_011526546.1:c.64C>T, XM_011526547.1:c.64C>T, XM_011526548.1:c.64C>T, XP_005258626.1:p.Arg22Cys, XP_005258627.1:p.Arg22Cys, XP_006723113.1:p.Arg22Cys, XP_011524848.1:p.Arg22Cys, XP_011524849.1:p.Arg22Cys, XP_011524850.1:p.Arg22Cys	efavirenz	C > T	SNP	R22C
CA VA	CYP2B6	rs8192719	NC_000019.10:g.41012868C>T, NC_000019.9:g.41518773C>T, NG_007929.1:g.26570C>T, NM_000767.4:c.1294+53C>T, XM_005258569.1:c.1152+383C>T, XM_005258569.3:c.1152+383C>T, XM_005258570.1:c.1153-105C>T, XM_005258571.1:c.694+53C>T, XM_006723050.2:c.1294+53C>T, XM_011526546.1:c.1205C>T, XM_011526547.1:c.1153-105C>T, XM_011526548.1:c.814+53C>T, XM_011526549.1:c.703+53C>T, XM_011526550.1:c.694+53C>T, XP_011524848.1:p.Pro402Leu, rs58710428, rs61315206	efavirenz	C > T	SNP
VIP CA VA	CYP2A6	rs8192726	NC_000019.10:g.40848591C>A, NC_000019.9:g.41354496C>A, NG_008377.1:g.6857G>T, NM_000762.5:c.493+23G>T, XM_005258568.1:c.340+23G>T, rs61203574	efavirenz	C > A	SNP

Alleles, Functions, and Amino Acid Translations are all sourced from dbSNP 147

2D structure from PubChem

[ see larger image ] [ see 3D structure ]

provided by PubChem

Overview

Generic Names

EFV
efavirenz

Trade Names

Stocrin
Sustiva

Brand Mixture Names

PharmGKB Accession Id

PA449441

Type(s):

Drug

Description

Efavirenz (brand names Sustiva® and Stocrin®) is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) and is used as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1. For HIV infection that has not previously been treated, efavirenz and lamivudine in combination with zidovudine or tenofovir is the preferred NNRTI-based regimen. Efavirenz is also used in combination with other antiretroviral agents as part of an expanded postexposure prophylaxis regimen to prevent HIV transmission for those exposed to materials associated with a high risk for HIV transmission.

Source: Drug Bank

Indication

For use in combination treatment of HIV infection (AIDS)

Source: Drug Bank

Other Vocabularies

MeSH: efavirenz (C098320)
ATC: J05AG03 (J05AG03)
UMLS: efavirenz (C0674428)
RxNorm: efavirenz (195085)
NDFRT: EFAVIRENZ (N0000148587)

Information pulled from DrugBank has not been reviewed by PharmGKB.

Pharmacology, Interactions, and Contraindications

Mechanism of Action

Similar to zidovudine, efavirenz inhibits the activity of viral RNA-directed DNA polymerase (i.e., reverse transcriptase). Antiviral activity of efavirenz is dependent on intracellular conversion to the active triphosphorylated form. The rate of efavirenz phosphorylation varies, depending on cell type. It is believed that inhibition of reverse transcriptase interferes with the generation of DNA copies of viral RNA, which, in turn, are necessary for synthesis of new virions. Intracellular enzymes subsequently eliminate the HIV particle that previously had been uncoated, and left unprotected, during entry into the host cell. Thus, reverse transcriptase inhibitors are virustatic and do not eliminate HIV from the body. Even though human DNA polymerase is less susceptible to the pharmacologic effects of triphosphorylated efavirenz, this action may nevertheless account for some of the drug's toxicity.

Source: Drug Bank

Pharmacology

Efavirenz (dideoxyinosine, ddI) is an oral nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). It is a synthetic purine derivative and, similar to zidovudine, zalcitabine, and stavudine. Efavirenz was originally approved specifically for the treatment of HIV infections in patients who failed therapy with zidovudine. Currently, the CDC recommends that Efavirenz be given as part of a three-drug regimen that includes another nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (e.g., lamivudine, stavudine, zidovudine) and a protease inhibitor or efavirenz when treating HIV infection.

Source: Drug Bank

Food Interaction

Avoid excessive or chronic alcohol consumption.|Take without regard to meals.

Source: Drug Bank

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity

Biotransformation

Efavirenz is principally metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system to hydroxylated metabolites with subsequent glucuronidation of these hydroxylated metabolites. These metabolites are essentially inactive against HIV-1.

Source: Drug Bank

Protein Binding

99.5-99.75%

Source: Drug Bank

Half-Life

40-55 hours

Source: Drug Bank

Route of Elimination

Nearly all of the urinary excretion of the radiolabeled drug was in the form of metabolites.

Source: Drug Bank

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula

C14H9ClF3NO2

Source: Drug Bank

Average Molecular Weight

315.675

Source: Drug Bank

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

315.027390859

Source: Drug Bank

SMILES

C1CC1C#C[C@]2(C3=C(C=CC(=C3)Cl)NC(=O)O2)C(F)(F)F

Source: PubChem

InChI String

InChI=1S/C14H9ClF3NO2/c15-9-3-4-11-10(7-9)13(14(16,17)18,21-12(20)19-11)6-5-8-1-2-8/h3-4,7-8H,1-2H2,(H,19,20)/t13-/m0/s1

Source: PubChem

PharmGKB Curated Pathways

Pathways created internally by PharmGKB based primarily on literature evidence.

Efavirenz Pathway, Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics
Schematic representation of efavirenz metabolism and mechanism of action against HIV.

Related Genes Related Drugs and Interactions Related Diseases/Phenotypes

Genes that are associated with this drug in PharmGKB's database based on (1) variant annotations, (2) literature review, (3) pathways or (4) information automatically retrieved from DrugBank, depending on the "evidence" and "source" listed below.

Curated Information ?

Evidence	Gene
CA VA VIP	ABCB1
CA VA	ABCC2
VA	ABCC4
VA	ABCC9
CA VA	ABCG2
DL VA PW	CYP1A2
CA VA VIP PW	CYP2A6
DL CA VA VIP PW	CYP2B6
DL VA	CYP2C19
DL	CYP2C9
DL	CYP2D6
CA VA	CYP3A
DL CA VA PW	CYP3A4
CA VA PW	CYP3A5
VA	HLA-DRB1
CA VA	HNF4A
CA VA	HTR2A
CA VA	IL10
VA	NAT2
VA VIP PW	NR1I2
CA VA PW	NR1I3
VA	SLC22A1
VA	SLCO3A1
	UGT1A1
CA VA PW	UGT2B7

Curated Information ?

Evidence	Drug
	rifampin
	zidovudine

Drug Interactions

Interaction	Description
alprazolam - efavirenz	The antiviral agent increases the effect and toxicity of benzodiazepine (source: Drug Bank )
alprazolam - efavirenz	The antiviral agent increases the effect and toxicity of benzodiazepine (source: Drug Bank )
astemizole - efavirenz	Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank )
astemizole - efavirenz	Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank )
atazanavir - efavirenz	Efavirenz decreases the levels/effects of atazanavir (source: Drug Bank )
atazanavir - efavirenz	Efavirenz decreases the levels/effects of atazanavir (source: Drug Bank )
atorvastatin - efavirenz	The NNRT inhibitor increases the effect and toxicity of the statin (source: Drug Bank )
atorvastatin - efavirenz	The NNRT inhibitor increases the effect and toxicity of the statin (source: Drug Bank )
cisapride - efavirenz	Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank )
cisapride - efavirenz	Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank )
clarithromycin - efavirenz	Efavirenz decreases levels of clarithromycin (source: Drug Bank )
clarithromycin - efavirenz	Efavirenz decreases levels of clarithromycin (source: Drug Bank )
cyclosporine - efavirenz	Efavirenz decreases the levels of cyclosporine (source: Drug Bank )
cyclosporine - efavirenz	Efavirenz decreases the levels of cyclosporine (source: Drug Bank )
dihydroergotamine - efavirenz	The antiretroviral agent may increase the ergot derivative (source: Drug Bank )
dihydroergotamine - efavirenz	The antiretroviral agent may increase the ergot derivative (source: Drug Bank )
ergotamine - efavirenz	The antiretroviral agent may increase the ergot derivative toxicity (source: Drug Bank )
ergotamine - efavirenz	The antiretroviral agent may increase the ergot derivative toxicity (source: Drug Bank )
indinavir - efavirenz	Efavirenz decreases the effect of indinavir (source: Drug Bank )
indinavir - efavirenz	Efavirenz decreases the effect of indinavir (source: Drug Bank )
lovastatin - efavirenz	The NNRT inhibitor increases the effect and toxicity of the statin (source: Drug Bank )
lovastatin - efavirenz	The NNRT inhibitor increases the effect and toxicity of the statin (source: Drug Bank )
methadone - efavirenz	The antiretroviral agent decreases the effect of methadone (source: Drug Bank )
methadone - efavirenz	The antiretroviral agent decreases the effect of methadone (source: Drug Bank )
methysergide - efavirenz	The antiretroviral agent may increase the ergot derivative toxicity (source: Drug Bank )
methysergide - efavirenz	The antiretroviral agent may increase the ergot derivative toxicity (source: Drug Bank )
midazolam - efavirenz	The antiviral agent increases the effect and toxicity of benzodiazepine (source: Drug Bank )
midazolam - efavirenz	The antiviral agent increases the effect and toxicity of benzodiazepine (source: Drug Bank )
tamsulosin - efavirenz	Efavirenz, a CYP3A4 inhibitor, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tamsulosin, a CYP3A4 substrate. Monitor for changes in therapeutic/adverse effects of Tamsulosin if Efavirenz is initiated, discontinued, or dose changed. (source: Drug Bank )
tamsulosin - efavirenz	Efavirenz, a CYP3A4 inhibitor, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tamsulosin, a CYP3A4 substrate. Monitor for changes in therapeutic/adverse effects of Tamsulosin if Efavirenz is initiated, discontinued, or dose changed. (source: Drug Bank )
telithromycin - efavirenz	Efavirenz may decrease the plasma concentration of Telithromycin. Consider alternate therapy. (source: Drug Bank )
terfenadine - efavirenz	Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank )
terfenadine - efavirenz	Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank )
tipranavir - efavirenz	Efavirenz may alter the serum concentration Tipranavir. Monitor for changes in Tipranavir therapeutic and adverse effects if Efavirenz is initiated, discontinued or dose changed. (source: Drug Bank )
tolterodine - efavirenz	Efavirenz may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tolterodine. Adjust Tolterodine dose and monitor for efficacy and toxicity. (source: Drug Bank )
tolterodine - efavirenz	Efavirenz may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tolterodine. Adjust Tolterodine dose and monitor for efficacy and toxicity. (source: Drug Bank )
tramadol - efavirenz	Efavirenz may decrease the effect of Tramadol by increasing Tramadol metabolism and clearance. (source: Drug Bank )
trazodone - efavirenz	The CYP3A4 inhibitor and inducer, Efavirenz, may alter Trazodone efficacy/toxicity by altering Trazodone metabolism and clearance. Monitor for changes in Trazodone efficacy/toxicity if Efavirenz is initiated, discontinued or dose changed. (source: Drug Bank )
trazodone - efavirenz	The CYP3A4 inhibitor and inducer, Efavirenz, may alter Trazodone efficacy/toxicity by altering Trazodone metabolism and clearance. Monitor for changes in Trazodone efficacy/toxicity if Efavirenz is initiated, discontinued or dose changed. (source: Drug Bank )
triazolam - efavirenz	The antiviral agent increases the effect and toxicity of benzodiazepine (source: Drug Bank )
triazolam - efavirenz	The antiviral agent increases the effect and toxicity of benzodiazepine (source: Drug Bank )
voriconazole - efavirenz	Efavirenze may decrease the serum concentration of voriconazole likely by increasing its metabolism. Voriconazole may increase the serum concentration of efavirenz by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or adjust doses and monitor for reduced voriconazole efficacy and increased efavirenz adverse effects during concomitant therapy. (source: Drug Bank )

Curated Information ?

Evidence	Disease
VA	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
VA	Central Nervous System Diseases
VA	Disorders of Excessive Somnolence
VA	Drug Hypersensitivity
VA	Exanthema
VA	Fatigue
DL CA VA	HIV
CA VA	HIV Infections
DL	Leukemia
VA	Neurotoxicity Syndromes
VA	Sleep Disorders
VA	Toxic liver disease
CA VA	Tuberculosis

Relationships from National Drug File - Reference Terminology (NDF-RT)

May Treat

efavirenz may treat Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
efavirenz may treat HIV Infections

Contraindicated With

efavirenz contraindicated with Drug Hypersensitivity

Publications related to efavirenz: 188

VA	CYP2B6 516G>T Minor Allele Protective of Late Virologic Failure in Efavirenz-treated HIV-Infected Patients in Botswana. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999). 2017. Vujkovic Marijana, et al.
	Multiphenotype association study of patients randomized to initiate antiretroviral regimens in AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol A5202. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2017. Verma Anurag, et al.
CA VA	Impact of efavirenz pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenomics on neuropsychological performance in older HIV-infected patients. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2016. Sandkovsky Uriel, et al.
	Pharmacogenetics of efavirenz discontinuation for reported central nervous system symptoms appears to differ by race. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2016. Leger Paul, et al.
CA VA	Dose Optimization of Efavirenz Based on Individual CYP2B6 Polymorphisms in Chinese Patients Positive for HIV. CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology. 2016. Hui K H, et al.
	Rifampin enhances cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B6-mediated efavirenz 8-hydroxylation in healthy volunteers. Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 2016. Cho Doo-Yeoun, et al.
	The impact of genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in African children. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2016. Bienczak Andrzej, et al.
	Case report: Severe central nervous system manifestations associated with aberrant efavirenz metabolism in children: the role of CYP2B6 genetic variation. BMC infectious diseases. 2016. Pinillos Francoise, et al.
CA VA	Efavirenz pharmacogenetics in a cohort of Italian patients. International journal of antimicrobial agents. 2015. Cusato Jessica, et al.
	Pharmacogenomically actionable medications in a safety net health care system. SAGE open medicine. 2016. Carpenter Janet S, et al.
	Pharmacogenetics of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) in resource-limited settings: Influence on antiretroviral therapy response and concomitant anti-tubercular, antimalarial and contraceptive treatments. Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases. 2015. Russo Gianluca, et al.
	Cost-effectiveness of CYP2B6 genotyping to optimize efavirenz dosing in HIV clinical practice. Pharmacogenomics. 2015. Schackman Bruce R, et al.
CA VA	Genotype-guided dose adjustment for the use of efavirenz in HIV treatment. The Journal of infection. 2015. Lam Tai Ning, et al.
VA	Combined effect of CYP2B6 and NAT2 genotype on plasma efavirenz exposure during rifampin-based antituberculosis therapy in the STRIDE study. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2015. Luetkemeyer Anne F, et al.
	PharmGKB summary: Efavirenz pathway, pharmacokinetics. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2015. McDonagh Ellen M, et al.
CA VA	Pharmacogenetics of pregnancy-induced changes in efavirenz pharmacokinetics. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2015. Olagunju A, et al.
CA VA	Pharmacogenetics of plasma efavirenz exposure in HIV-infected adults and children in south Africa. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2015. Sinxadi Phumla Z, et al.
	Perspectives on pharmacogenomics of antiretroviral medications and HIV-associated comorbidities. Current opinion in HIV and AIDS. 2015. Haas David W, et al.
CA VA	An Expanded Analysis of Pharmacogenetics Determinants of Efavirenz Response that Includes 3'-UTR Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms among Black South African HIV/AIDS Patients. Frontiers in genetics. 2015. Swart Marelize, et al.
	Is there a need to increase the dose of efavirenz during concomitant rifampicin-based antituberculosis therapy in sub-Saharan Africa? The HIV-TB pharmagene study. Pharmacogenomics. 2015. Habtewold Abiy, et al.
	A pharmacogenomic prospective randomized controlled trial of CYP2B6 polymorphisms and efavirenz dose adjustment among HIV-infected Thai patients: a pilot study. Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine. 2015. Damronglerd Pansachee, et al.
	The use of pharmacogenetics in clinical practice for the treatment of individuals with HIV infection in Thailand. Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine. 2015. Bushyakanist Asalaysa, et al.
VA	Genome-wide association study of virologic response with efavirenz-containing or abacavir-containing regimens in AIDS clinical trials group protocols. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2014. Lehmann David S, et al.
	Genetic Variability of CYP2B6 Polymorphisms in Southeast Iranian Population: Implications for Malaria and HIV/AIDS Treatment. Archives of Iranian medicine. 2014. Zakeri Sedigheh, et al.
CA VA	CYP2B6 genotype, but not rifampicin-based anti-TB cotreatments, explains variability in long-term efavirenz plasma exposure. Pharmacogenomics. 2014. Mukonzo Jackson K, et al.
	Pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenomic modelling of the CYP3A activity marker 4beta-hydroxycholesterol during efavirenz treatment and efavirenz/rifampicin co-treatment. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2014. Ngaimisi E, et al.
CA VA	Dose reduction of efavirenz: an observational study describing cost-effectiveness, pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics. Pharmacogenomics. 2014. Martín Almudena Sánchez, et al.
CA VA	CYP2B6 18492T->C polymorphism compromises efavirenz concentration in coinfected HIV and tuberculosis patients carrying CYP2B6 haplotype 1/1. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2014. Manosuthi Weerawat, et al.
	Why did the FDA approve efavirenz 800 mg when co-administered with rifampin?. International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2014. Liu Jiang, et al.
VA	Functional CYP2B6 variants and virologic response to an efavirenz-containing regimen in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2014. Haas David W, et al.
CA VA	Secondary metabolism pathway polymorphisms and plasma efavirenz concentrations in HIV-infected adults with CYP2B6 slow metabolizer genotypes. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2014. Haas David W, et al.
CA VA	The role of genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 and effects of tuberculosis co-treatment on the predictive value of CYP2B6 SNPs and on efavirenz plasma levels in adult HIV patients. Antiviral research. 2014. Bienvenu Emile, et al.
	Dependence of efavirenz- and rifampicin-isoniazid-based antituberculosis treatment drug-drug interaction on CYP2B6 and NAT2 genetic polymorphisms: ANRS 12154 study in Cambodia. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2014. Bertrand Julie, et al.
CA VA	Pharmacometric characterization of efavirenz developmental pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics in HIV-infected children. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2014. Salem Ahmed Hamed, et al.
	EMA Initiatives and Perspectives on Pharmacogenomics. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2014. Ehmann Falk, et al.
CA VA	Pharmacogenetics and clinical biomarkers for subtherapeutic plasma efavirenz concentration in HIV-1 infected Thai adults. Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 2014. Sukasem Chonlaphat, et al.
	Impact of CYP polymorphisms, ethnicity and sex differences in metabolism on dosing strategies: the case of efavirenz. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2014. Naidoo Panjasaram, et al.
CA VA	Population pharmacogenetic-based pharmacokinetic modeling of efavirenz, 7-hydroxy- and 8-hydroxyefavirenz. Journal of clinical pharmacology. 2014. Abdelhady A M, et al.
CA VA	CYP2B6 pharmacogenetics-based in vitro-in vivo extrapolation of efavirenz clearance by physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2013. Xu Cong, et al.
CA VA	Pharmacogenetic-Based Efavirenz Dose Modification: Suggestions for an African Population and the Different CYP2B6 Genotypes. PloS one. 2014. Mukonzo Jackson K, et al.
CA VA	Therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacogenetic study of HIV-infected ethnic chinese receiving efavirenz-containing antiretroviral therapy with or without rifampicin-based anti-tuberculous therapy. PloS one. 2014. Lee Kuan-Yeh, et al.
CA VA	Interleukin-10 gene polymorphism (-1082G/A) and allergy to efavirenz in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases. 2014. Rodrigues Raphael de Oliveira, et al.
CA VA	Low level of efavirenz in HIV-1-infected Thai adults is associated with the CYP2B6 polymorphism. Infection. 2013. Sukasem C, et al.
CA VA	Genetic variants of drug metabolizing enzymes and drug transporter (ABCB1) as possible biomarkers for adverse drug reactions in an HIV/AIDS cohort in Zimbabwe. Current HIV research. 2013. Dhoro Milcah, et al.
CA VA	Pharmacogenetic associations with plasma efavirenz concentrations and clinical correlates in a retrospective cohort of Ghanaian HIV-infected patients. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2013. Sarfo Fred S, et al.
CA VA	Mitochondrial DNA Variation and Changes in Adiponectin and Endothelial Function in HIV-Infected Adults After Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation. AIDS research and human retroviruses. 2013. Hulgan Todd, et al.
CA VA	ABCB1 and ABCC1 variants associated with virological failure of first-line protease inhibitors antiretroviral regimens in Northeast Brazil patients. Journal of clinical pharmacology. 2013. Coelho Antonio V C, et al.
CA VA	Sleep quality in efavirenz-treated Chinese HIV patients - comparing between GT and GG genotype of CYP2B6-516 G/T polymorphisms. International journal of STD & AIDS. 2013. Lee Shui Shan, et al.
CA VA	Impact of pharmacogenetics on CNS side effects related to efavirenz. Pharmacogenomics. 2013. Sánchez Martín Almudena, et al.
CA VA	High predictive value of CYP2B6 SNPs for steady-state plasma efavirenz levels in South African HIV/AIDS patients. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2013. Swart Marelize, et al.
	Novel CYP2B6 enzyme variants in a Rwandese population: functional characterization and assessment of in silico prediction tools. Human mutation. 2013. Radloff Robert, et al.
VA	Efavirenz-mediated induction of omeprazole metabolism is CYP2C19 genotype dependent. The pharmacogenomics journal. 2013. Michaud V, et al.
CA VA	Impact of pharmacogenetic markers of CYP2B6, clinical factors, and drug-drug interaction on efavirenz concentrations in HIV/tuberculosis-coinfected patients. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2013. Manosuthi Weerawat, et al.
CA VA	Correlates of efavirenz exposure in Chilean patients affected with human immunodeficiency virus reveals a novel association with a polymorphism in the constitutive androstane receptor. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2013. Cortes Claudia P, et al.
CA VA	Influence of efavirenz pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics on neuropsychological disorders in Ugandan HIV-positive patients with or without tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study. BMC infectious diseases. 2013. Mukonzo Jackson K, et al.
CA VA	Pharmacogenetic markers of CYP2B6 associated with efavirenz plasma concentrations in HIV-1 infected Thai adults. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2012. Sukasem Chonlaphat, et al.
CA VA	High plasma efavirenz concentration and CYP2B6 polymorphisms in Thai HIV-1 infections. Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics. 2013. Sukasem Chonlaphat, et al.
CA VA	A Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism in CYP2B6 Leads to >3-Fold Increases in Efavirenz Concentrations in Plasma and Hair Among HIV-Infected Women. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2012. Gandhi Monica, et al.
CA VA	Genome-wide association study of plasma efavirenz pharmacokinetics in AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocols implicates several CYP2B6 variants. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2012. Holzinger Emily R, et al.
	Potential effect of pharmacogenetics on maternal, fetal and infant antiretroviral drug exposure during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Pharmacogenomics. 2012. Olagunju Adeniyi, et al.
VA	Pharmacogenetic and pharmacokinetic aspects of CYP3A induction by efavirenz in HIV patients. The pharmacogenomics journal. 2012. Habtewold A, et al.
	The Dual Role of Pharmacogenetics in HIV Treatment: Mutations and Polymorphisms Regulating Antiretroviral Drug Resistance and Disposition. Pharmacological reviews. 2012. Michaud Veronique, et al.
	Effects of clopidogrel and itraconazole on the disposition of efavirenz and its hydroxyl-metabolites: exploration of a novel CYP2B6 phenotyping index. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2012. Jiang Fen, et al.
	HIV-1 antiretroviral drug therapy. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine. 2012. Arts Eric J, et al.
CA VA	Influence of CYP2B6 516G>T polymorphism and interoccasion variability (IOV) on the population pharmacokinetics of efavirenz in HIV-infected South African children. European journal of clinical pharmacology. 2012. Viljoen M, et al.
	Pharmacokinetics of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz among HIV-infected Ugandans. HIV medicine. 2012. Nanzigu S, et al.
VIP	PharmGKB summary: very important pharmacogene information for cytochrome P-450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 6. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2012. McDonagh Ellen M, et al.
	Induction of CYP2C19 and CYP3A activity following repeated administration of efavirenz in healthy volunteers. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2012. Michaud V, et al.
CA	Associations Between ABCB1, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2D6, and CYP3A5 Alleles in Relation to Efavirenz and Nevirapine Pharmacokinetics in HIV-Infected Individuals. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2012. Heil Sandra G, et al.
CA VA	PXR and CAR single nucleotide polymorphisms influence plasma efavirenz levels in South African HIV/AIDS patients. BMC medical genetics. 2012. Swart Marelize, et al.
	Effect of efavirenz on UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1, 1A4, 1A6, and 1A9 activities in human liver microsomes. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2012. Ji Hye Young, et al.
	Long-term effect of efavirenz autoinduction on plasma/peripheral blood mononuclear cell drug exposure and CD4 count is influenced by UGT2B7 and CYP2B6 genotypes among HIV patients. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2011. Habtewold Abiy, et al.
CA VA	Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) polymorphisms are associated with early discontinuation of efavirenz-containing regimens. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2011. Wyen Christoph, et al.
VA	Polymorphic variants of cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6.4-CYP2B6.9) exhibit altered rates of metabolism for bupropion and efavirenz: a charge-reversal mutation in the K139E variant (CYP2B6.8) impairs formation of a functional cytochrome p450-reductase complex. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 2011. Zhang Haoming, et al.
CA VA	Effect of Rifampicin and CYP2B6 Genotype on Long-Term Efavirenz Autoinduction and Plasma Exposure in HIV Patients With or Without Tuberculosis. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2011. Ngaimisi E, et al.
CA VA	High plasma efavirenz level and CYP2B66 are associated with efavirenz-based HAART-induced liver injury in the treatment of naïve HIV patients from Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study. The pharmacogenomics journal.* 2011. Yimer G, et al.
	Identification of human UGT isoforms responsible for glucuronidation of efavirenz and its three hydroxy metabolites. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems. 2011. Bae S K, et al.
	Contribution of N-glucuronidation to efavirenz elimination in vivo in the basal and rifampin-induced metabolism of efavirenz. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2011. Cho Doo-Yeoun, et al.
	Pharmacogenomics of the RNA world: structural RNA polymorphisms in drug therapy. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2011. Sadee W, et al.
VIP	Very important pharmacogene summary: ABCB1 (MDR1, P-glycoprotein). Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2011. Hodges Laura M, et al.
	Nuclear receptor-mediated induction of CYP450 by antiretrovirals: functional consequences of NR1I2 (PXR) polymorphisms and differential prevalence in whites and sub-Saharan Africans. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999). 2010. Svärd Jenny, et al.
	Use of biological knowledge to inform the analysis of gene-gene interactions involved in modulating virologic failure with efavirenz-containing treatment regimens in ART-naïve ACTG clinical trials participants. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing. 2011. Grady Benjamin J, et al.
CA VA	Tribal ethnicity and CYP2B6 genetics in Ugandan and Zimbabwean populations in the UK: implications for efavirenz dosing in HIV infection. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2010. Jamshidi Y, et al.
	Long-term efavirenz autoinduction and its effect on plasma exposure in HIV patients. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2010. Ngaimisi E, et al.
	No evidence for induction of ABC transporters in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in humans after 14 days of efavirenz treatment. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2010. Burhenne Jürgen, et al.
CA VA	CYP2B6 polymorphism and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor plasma concentrations in Chinese HIV-infected patients. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2010. Chen Jun, et al.
	The convergence of therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacogenetic testing to optimize efavirenz therapy. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2010. Cabrera Figueroa Salvador, et al.
CA VA VIP	Influence of host genetic factors on efavirenz plasma and intracellular pharmacokinetics in HIV-1-infected patients. Pharmacogenomics. 2010. Elens Laure, et al.
CA VA	Effect of CYP2B6, ABCB1, and CYP3A5 polymorphisms on efavirenz pharmacokinetics and treatment response: an AIDS Clinical Trials Group study. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2010. Ribaudo Heather J, et al.
VIP	PharmGKB summary: very important pharmacogene information for CYP2B6. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2010. Thorn Caroline F, et al.
	Efavirenz primary and secondary metabolism in vitro and in vivo: identification of novel metabolic pathways and cytochrome P450 2A6 as the principal catalyst of efavirenz 7-hydroxylation. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2010. Ogburn Evan T, et al.
	Coprescription of tamoxifen and medications that inhibit CYP2D6. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 2010. Sideras Kostandinos, et al.
	Alteration of pharmacokinetics of proguanil in healthy volunteers following concurrent administration of efavirenz. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2010. Soyinka Julius Olugbenga, et al.
	Pharmacogenetics of antiretrovirals. Antiviral research. 2010. Tozzi Valerio.
	Dose adjustment of the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors during concurrent rifampicin-containing tuberculosis therapy: one size does not fit all. Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology. 2010. Kwara Awewura, et al.
	Efavirenz in the therapy of HIV infection. Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology. 2010. Rakhmanina Natella Y, et al.
CA VA	Effects of CYP2B6 G516T polymorphisms on plasma efavirenz and nevirapine levels when co-administered with rifampicin in HIV/TB co-infected Thai adults. AIDS research and therapy. 2010. Uttayamakul Sumonmal, et al.
CA VA	Presence of the CYP2B6 516G> T polymorphism, increased plasma Efavirenz concentrations and early neuropsychiatric side effects in South African HIV-infected patients. AIDS research and therapy. 2010. Gounden Verena, et al.
CA VA	Long-term efficacy and safety of efavirenz dose reduction to 200 mg once daily in a Caucasian patient with HIV. Clinical drug investigation. 2010. Cabrera Figueroa Salvador, et al.
	A novel polymorphism in ABCB1 gene, CYP2B66 and sex predict single-dose efavirenz population pharmacokinetics in Ugandans. British journal of clinical pharmacology.* 2009. Mukonzo Jackson K, et al.
CA VA VIP	CYP2B6, CYP2A6 and UGT2B7 genetic polymorphisms are predictors of efavirenz mid-dose concentration in HIV-infected patients. AIDS (London, England). 2009. Kwara Awewura, et al.
	Inhibition of drug metabolizing cytochrome P450s by the aromatase inhibitor drug letrozole and its major oxidative metabolite 4,4'-methanol-bisbenzonitrile in vitro. Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology. 2009. Jeong Seongwook, et al.
	Allele and genotype frequencies of cytochrome P450 2B6 gene in a Mongolian population. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2009. Davaalkham Jagdagsuren, et al.
VIP	Pharmacokinetics and safety of etravirine administered once or twice daily after 2 weeks treatment with efavirenz in healthy volunteers. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999). 2009. Boffito Marta, et al.
	Substrate specificity, regulation, and polymorphism of human cytochrome P450 2B6. Current drug metabolism. 2009. Mo Sui-Lin, et al.
	Glucuronidation of the antiretroviral drug efavirenz by UGT2B7 and an in vitro investigation of drug-drug interaction with zidovudine. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2009. Bélanger Anne-Sophie, et al.
	CYP2B6 G516T genotyping in a UK cohort of HIV-positive patients: polymorphism frequency and influence on efavirenz discontinuation. HIV medicine. 2009. Powers Vicki, et al.
CA VA VIP	CYP2B6 variants and plasma efavirenz concentrations during antiretroviral therapy in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2009. Leger Paul, et al.
VIP	Influx and efflux transport as determinants of melphalan cytotoxicity: Resistance to melphalan in MDR1 overexpressing tumor cell lines. Biochemical pharmacology. 2009. Kühne Annett, et al.
VIP	Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce a very broad, pleiotropic anticancer drug resistance phenotype in acute myeloid leukemia cells by modulation of multiple ABC transporter genes. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. 2009. Hauswald Stefanie, et al.
VIP	Pharmacogenetics-based population pharmacokinetic analysis of efavirenz in HIV-1-infected individuals. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2009. Arab-Alameddine M, et al.
VIP	Genetic determinants of response to clopidogrel and cardiovascular events. The New England journal of medicine. 2009. Simon Tabassome, et al.
CA VA	CYP2B6 (c.516G-->T) and CYP2A6 (9B and/or 17) polymorphisms are independent predictors of efavirenz plasma concentrations in HIV-infected patients. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2009. Kwara Awewura, et al.
VA VIP	In vivo analysis of efavirenz metabolism in individuals with impaired CYP2A6 function. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2009. di Iulio Julia, et al.
VIP	Cost-effectiveness of 99mTc-sestamibi in predicting response to chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine. 2009. Mohan Hosahalli K, et al.
	Associations between CYP2B6 polymorphisms and pharmacokinetics after a single dose of nevirapine or efavirenz in African americans. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2009. Haas David W, et al.
VIP	Induction of multiple drug transporters by efavirenz. Journal of pharmacological sciences. 2009. Weiss Johanna, et al.
	Warfarin-antiretroviral interactions. The Annals of pharmacotherapy. 2009. Liedtke Michelle D, et al.
VIP	Redox regulation of multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Antioxidants & redox signaling. 2009. Kuo Macus Tien.
	Effect of rifampicin-based antitubercular therapy and the cytochrome P450 2B6 516G>T polymorphism on efavirenz concentrations in adults in South Africa. Antiviral therapy. 2009. Cohen Karen, et al.
VIP	Several major antiepileptic drugs are substrates for human P-glycoprotein. Neuropharmacology. 2008. Luna-Tortós Carlos, et al.
	CYP2B6: new insights into a historically overlooked cytochrome P450 isozyme. Current drug metabolism. 2008. Wang Hongbing, et al.
	Pharmacokinetics of efavirenz when co-administered with rifampin in TB/HIV co-infected patients: pharmacogenetic effect of CYP2B6 variation. Journal of clinical pharmacology. 2008. Kwara Awewura, et al.
	Machine learning methods and docking for predicting human pregnane X receptor activation. Chemical research in toxicology. 2008. Khandelwal Akash, et al.
VIP	Structure, function and regulation of P-glycoprotein and its clinical relevance in drug disposition. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems. 2008. Zhou S-F.
	Pharmacogenomics of antiretrovirals. Recent patents on anti-infective drug discovery. 2008. Roca Bernardino.
	Pharmacogenetics of antiretroviral agents. Current opinion in HIV and AIDS. 2008. Owen Andrew, et al.
CA VA	Impact of CYP2B6 983T>C polymorphism on non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor plasma concentrations in HIV-infected patients. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2008. Wyen Christoph, et al.
	Aberrant splicing caused by single nucleotide polymorphism c.516G>T [Q172H], a marker of CYP2B66, is responsible for decreased expression and activity of CYP2B6 in liver. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.* 2008. Hofmann Marco H, et al.
VIP	A human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor is a novel functional inhibitor of human pregnane X receptor. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2008. Healan-Greenberg Christine, et al.
VA	HLA-DRB101 associated with cutaneous hypersensitivity induced by nevirapine and efavirenz. AIDS (London, England).* 2008. Vitezica Zulma G, et al.
	Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of efavirenz and nelfinavir in HIV-infected children participating in an area-under-the-curve controlled trial. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2008. Fletcher C V, et al.
VIP	Azole antimycotics differentially affect rifampicin-induced pregnane X receptor-mediated CYP3A4 gene expression. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2008. Svecova Lucie, et al.
VIP	Polymorphisms in the drug transporter gene ABCB1 predict antidepressant treatment response in depression. Neuron. 2008. Uhr Manfred, et al.
VIP	Citalopram enantiomers in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of ABCB1 genotyped depressive patients and clinical response: a pilot study. Pharmacological research : the official journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society. 2008. Nikisch Georg, et al.
	A pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic study of efavirenz in children: dosing guidelines can result in subtherapeutic concentrations. Antiviral therapy. 2008. ter Heine Rob, et al.
VA	Successful efavirenz dose reduction in HIV type 1-infected individuals with cytochrome P450 2B6 6 and 26. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2007. Gatanaga Hiroyuki, et al.
	CYP2B6 983T>C polymorphism is prevalent in West Africa but absent in Papua New Guinea: implications for HIV/AIDS treatment. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2007. Mehlotra Rajeev K, et al.
	Efavirenz pharmacokinetics in HIV-1-infected children are associated with CYP2B6-G516T polymorphism. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999). 2007. Saitoh Akihiko, et al.
VIP	Polymorphic CYP2B6: molecular mechanisms and emerging clinical significance. Pharmacogenomics. 2007. Zanger Ulrich M, et al.
CA VA	Impact of CYP2B6 polymorphism on hepatic efavirenz metabolism in vitro. Pharmacogenomics. 2007. Desta Zeruesenay, et al.
CA VA	Predictive value of known and novel alleles of CYP2B6 for efavirenz plasma concentrations in HIV-infected individuals. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2007. Rotger M, et al.
VIP	Tariquidar (XR9576): a P-glycoprotein drug efflux pump inhibitor. Expert review of anticancer therapy. 2007. Fox Elizabeth, et al.
VIP	Relative activation of human pregnane X receptor versus constitutive androstane receptor defines distinct classes of CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 inducers. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 2007. Faucette Stephanie R, et al.
VIP	Cobalamin potentiates vinblastine cytotoxicity through downregulation of mdr-1 gene expression in HepG2 cells. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. 2007. Marguerite Véronique, et al.
VIP	Mechanism of inhibition of P-glycoprotein mediated efflux by vitamin E TPGS: influence on ATPase activity and membrane fluidity. Molecular pharmaceutics. 2007. Collnot Eva-Maria, et al.
	Orosomucoid (alpha1-acid glycoprotein) plasma concentration and genetic variants: effects on human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor clearance and cellular accumulation. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2006. Colombo Sara, et al.
CA VA	Drug transporter and metabolizing enzyme gene variants and nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor hepatotoxicity. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2006. Ritchie Marylyn D, et al.
	Are plasma levels valid surrogates for cellular concentrations of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-infected patients?. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2006. Colombo Sara, et al.
VIP	Gefitinib modulates the function of multiple ATP-binding cassette transporters in vivo. Cancer research. 2006. Leggas Markos, et al.
VIP	Impact of P-glycoprotein on clopidogrel absorption. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2006. Taubert Dirk, et al.
CA VA	Identification of a novel specific CYP2B6 allele in Africans causing impaired metabolism of the HIV drug efavirenz. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2006. Wang Jue, et al.
VA	Interpatient variability in the pharmacokinetics of the HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz: the effect of gender, race, and CYP2B6 polymorphism. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 2006. Burger David, et al.
	Efavirenz and CYP2B6 polymorphism: implications for drug toxicity and resistance. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2006. Nolan David, et al.
	Pharmacogenetics of plasma efavirenz exposure after treatment discontinuation: an Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2006. Ribaudo Heather J, et al.
VIP	Single nucleotide polymorphisms in human P-glycoprotein: its impact on drug delivery and disposition. Expert opinion on drug delivery. 2006. Dey Surajit.
	Genetic variability of CYP2B6 in populations of African and Asian origin: allele frequencies, novel functional variants, and possible implications for anti-HIV therapy with efavirenz. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2005. Klein Kathrin, et al.
CA VA	Pharmacogenetics of long-term responses to antiretroviral regimens containing Efavirenz and/or Nelfinavir: an Adult Aids Clinical Trials Group Study. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2005. Haas David W, et al.
	Overview of the pharmacogenetics of HIV therapy. The pharmacogenomics journal. 2006. Rodríguez-Nóvoa S, et al.
	Influence of 516G>T polymorphisms at the gene encoding the CYP450-2B6 isoenzyme on efavirenz plasma concentrations in HIV-infected subjects. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2005. Rodriguez-Novoa Sonia, et al.
CA VA	Influence of CYP2B6 polymorphism on plasma and intracellular concentrations and toxicity of efavirenz and nevirapine in HIV-infected patients. Pharmacogenetics and genomics. 2005. Rotger Margalida, et al.
CA VA	Pharmacogenetics of efavirenz and central nervous system side effects: an Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group study. AIDS (London, England). 2004. Haas David W, et al.
	Induction of CYP3A4 by efavirenz in primary human hepatocytes: comparison with rifampin and phenobarbital. Journal of clinical pharmacology. 2004. Hariparsad Niresh, et al.
CA VA	Homozygous CYP2B6 6 (Q172H and K262R) correlates with high plasma efavirenz concentrations in HIV-1 patients treated with standard efavirenz-containing regimens. Biochemical and biophysical research communications.* 2004. Tsuchiya Kiyoto, et al.
	Efavirenz plasma concentrations in HIV-infected patients: inter- and intraindividual variability and clinical effects. Therapeutic drug monitoring. 2004. Ståhle Lars, et al.
VIP	Influence of lipid lowering fibrates on P-glycoprotein activity in vitro. Biochemical pharmacology. 2004. Ehrhardt Manuela, et al.
VIP	Interactions of human P-glycoprotein with simvastatin, simvastatin acid, and atorvastatin. Pharmaceutical research. 2004. Hochman Jerome H, et al.
VIP	Polymorphisms in human MDR1 (P-glycoprotein): recent advances and clinical relevance. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2004. Marzolini Catia, et al.
	No influence of the P-glycoprotein genotype (MDR1 C3435T) on plasma levels of lopinavir and efavirenz during antiretroviral treatment. European journal of medical research. 2003. Winzer Ralf, et al.
	The cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) is the main catalyst of efavirenz primary and secondary metabolism: implication for HIV/AIDS therapy and utility of efavirenz as a substrate marker of CYP2B6 catalytic activity. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. 2003. Ward Bryan A, et al.
CA VA	Population pharmacokinetics and effects of efavirenz in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2003. Csajka Chantal, et al.
VIP	Genetic polymorphisms of the human MDR1 drug transporter. Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology. 2003. Schwab Matthias, et al.
VIP	Effect of coadministration of nelfinavir, indinavir, and saquinavir on the pharmacokinetics of amprenavir. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 2002. Pfister Marc, et al.
CA VA	Response to antiretroviral treatment in HIV-1-infected individuals with allelic variants of the multidrug resistance transporter 1: a pharmacogenetics study. Lancet. 2002. Fellay Jacques, et al.
	Med-psych drug-drug interactions update. Psychosomatics. 2002. Armstrong Scott C, et al.
VIP	Interaction of omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole with P-glycoprotein. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology. 2001. Pauli-Magnus C, et al.
	Efavirenz plasma levels can predict treatment failure and central nervous system side effects in HIV-1-infected patients. AIDS (London, England). 2001. Marzolini C, et al.
	Identification and characterization of efavirenz metabolites by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and high field NMR: species differences in the metabolism of efavirenz. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 1999. Mutlib A E, et al.
VIP	The role of intestinal P-glycoprotein in the interaction of digoxin and rifampin. The Journal of clinical investigation. 1999. Greiner B, et al.
VIP	Anti-psychotic drugs reverse multidrug resistance of tumor cell lines and human AML cells ex-vivo. Cancer letters. 1999. Szabó D, et al.
VIP	Biochemical, cellular, and pharmacological aspects of the multidrug transporter. Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology. 1999. Ambudkar S V, et al.
	Efavirenz. Drugs. 1998. Adkins J C, et al.
VIP	Increased systemic toxicity of sarcoma chemotherapy due to combination with the P-glycoprotein inhibitor cyclosporin. International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics. 1998. Theis J G, et al.
VIP	Competitive, non-competitive and cooperative interactions between substrates of P-glycoprotein as measured by its ATPase activity. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1997. Litman T, et al.
VIP	MDR1 P-glycoprotein is a lipid translocase of broad specificity, while MDR3 P-glycoprotein specifically translocates phosphatidylcholine. Cell. 1996. van Helvoort A, et al.
VIP	Synergistic reversal of multidrug-resistance phenotype in acute myeloid leukemia cells by cyclosporin A and cremophor EL. Blood. 1994. Ross D D, et al.
VIP	P-glycoprotein structure and evolutionary homologies. Cytotechnology. 1993. Croop J M.
VIP	A new disposable nerve block needle. Anaesthesia and intensive care. 1976. Schweitzer S A.

LinkOuts

Web Resource:: Wikipedia
National Drug Code Directory:: 0056-0474-92
DrugBank:: DB00625
PDB:: EFZ
Chemical Abstracts Service:: 154598-52-4

ChEBI:: 119486
KEGG Compound:: C08088
KEGG Drug:: D00896
PubChem Compound:: 64139
PubChem Substance:: 206181; 46506827

Drugs Product Database (DPD):: 2246045
BindingDB:: 2483
ChemSpider:: 57715
HET:: EFZ
Therapeutic Targets Database:: DAP000709
FDA Drug Label at DailyMed:: 32d6371e-ba56-4294-b732-6d43627c5c47

Clinical Trials

These are trials that mention efavirenz and are related to either pharmacogenetics or pharmacogenomics.

No trials loaded.

NURSA Datasets

provided by nursa.org

No NURSA datasets available.

Common Searches

Search PubMed
Search Medline Plus
Search PubChem
Search CTD

Sources for PharmGKB drug information: DrugBank, PubChem.