Overview
| Generic Names: | Anhydrotetracycline; TC; Tetracycline HCl |
|---|---|
| Trade Names: | Abramycin; Abricycline; Achromycin; Achromycin V; Actisite; Agromicina; Ambramicina; Ambramycin; Amycin; Bio-Tetra; Biocycline; Bristaciclin; Bristaciclina; Bristacycline; Cefracycline; Ciclibion; Copharlan; Criseociclina; Cyclopar; Cytome; Democracin; Deschlorobiomycin; Dumocyclin; Enterocycline; Hostacyclin; Lexacycline; Limecycline; Liquamycin; Medocycline; Mericycline; Micycline; Neocycline; Oletetrin; Omegamycin; Orlycycline; Panmycin; Polycycline; Polyotic; Purocyclina; Resteclin; Retet; Robitet; Roviciclina; SK-Tetracycline; Solvocin; Sumycin; TAC; Tetra-CO; Tetrabon; Tetrachel; Tetracycl; Tetracycline II; Tetracyn; Tetradecin; Tetrafil; Tetramed; Tetraverine; Tetrex; Topicycline; Tsiklomistsin; Tsiklomitsin; Veracin; Vetacyclinum |
| Brand Mixtures: | Delta-Albaplex tablets (Novobiocin sodium + Prednisolone + Tetracycline hydrochloride); Helidac (Metronidazole + Bismuth subsalicylate + tetracycline hydrochloride); Neo Chlor PWR (Neomycin sulfate + Tetracycline hydrochloride); Neo-Chlor (Neomycin sulfate + Tetracycline hydrochloride); Neotetramed PWR (Neomycin sulfate + Tetracycline hydrochloride); P Onytricin P (Calcium D-pantothenate + Menadione sodium bisulfite + Nicotinamide + Tetracycline hydrochloride + Vitamin A + Vitamin B12 + Vitamin B2 + Vitamin B6 + Vitamin D3 + Vitamin E) |
| PharmGKB Accession Id: | PA451640 |
Description
A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits amino acyl TRNA binding during protein synthesis. PubChem (source: Drug Bank)
Indication
Used to treat bacterial infections such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever, and tick fevers; upper respiratory infections; pneumonia; gonorrhea; amoebic infections; and urinary tract infections. It is also used to help treat severe acne and to treat trachoma (a chronic eye infection) and conjunctivitis (pinkeye). Tetracycline is often an alternative drug for people who are allergic to penicillin. (source: Drug Bank)
ATC Therapeutic Categories
- A01AB:Antiinfectives and antiseptics for local oral treatment
- D06AA:Tetracycline and derivatives
- G01AA:Antibiotics
- J01AA:Tetracyclines
- S01AA:Antibiotics
- S02AA:Antiinfectives
- S03AA:Antiinfectives
Pharmacology, Interactions, and Contraindications
Mechanism Of Action
Tetracycline passively diffuses through porin channels in the bacterial membrane and reversibly binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing binding of tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex, and thus interfering with protein synthesis. (source: Drug Bank)
Pharmacology
Tetracycline is a short-acting antibiotic semisynthetically produced from chlortetracycline, which is derived from <i>Streptomyces aureofaciens</i>. Tetracycline inhibits cell growth by inhibiting translation. It binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit and prevents the amino-acyl tRNA from binding to the A site of the ribosome. This binding is reversible in nature. (source: Drug Bank)
Food Interactions
Avoid milk, calcium containing dairy products, iron, antacids, or aluminium salts 2 hours before or 6 hours after using antacids while on this medication.
Take on empty stomach: 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
Take with a full glass of water.
(source:
Drug Bank)
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity
Biotransformation
Not metabolized (source: Drug Bank)
Protein Binding
Tetracyclines bind to plasma proteins to varying degrees (source: Drug Bank)
Absorption
Bioavailability is less than 40% when administered via intramuscular injection, 100% intravenously, and 60-80% orally (fasting adults). Food and/or milk reduce GI absorption of oral preparations of tetracycline by 50% or more. (source: Drug Bank)
Toxicity
LD<sub>50</sub>=808mg/kg (orally in mice) (source: Drug Bank)
Isomeric SMILES Code:
C[C@]1(c2cccc(c2C(=O)C3=C([C@]4([C@@H](C[C@@H]31)[C@@H](C(=C(C4=O)C(=O)N)O)N(C)C)O)O)O)O (source: Drug Bank)
The following genes are in curated knowledge about this drug.
| Gene | Relationship | Evidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
ABCB1 |
|
Publications |
|
|
CYP3A4 |
|
Publications |
|
|
NR1I2 |
|
Publications |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.
Drug Targets
| Gene | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| PRNP |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.
Drug Interactions
| Drug | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| acenocoumarol |
|
The tetracycline increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| acitretin |
|
Increased risk of intracranial hypertension (source: Drug Bank) |
| amoxicillin |
|
Possible antagonism of action (source: Drug Bank) |
| ampicillin |
|
Possible antagonism of action (source: Drug Bank) |
| atovaquone |
|
The agent decreases the effect of atovaquone (source: Drug Bank) |
| aztreonam |
|
Possible antagonism of action (source: Drug Bank) |
| calcium |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| carbenicillin |
|
Possible antagonism of action (source: Drug Bank) |
| cloxacillin |
|
Possible antagonism of action (source: Drug Bank) |
| dicumarol |
|
The tetracycline increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| digoxin |
|
The tetracycline increases the effect of digoxin in 10% of patients (source: Drug Bank) |
| ethinyl estradiol |
|
This anti-infectious agent could decrease the effect of the oral contraceptive (source: Drug Bank) |
| etretinate |
|
Increased risk of intracranial hypertension (source: Drug Bank) |
| insulin-glargine |
|
Tetracycline increases the risk of hypoglycemia (source: Drug Bank) |
| iron |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| isotretinoin |
|
Increased risk of intracranial hypertension (source: Drug Bank) |
| magnesium |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| mestranol |
|
This anti-infectious agent could decrease the effect of the oral contraceptive (source: Drug Bank) |
| methotrexate |
|
The tetracycline increases methotrexate toxicity (source: Drug Bank) |
| methoxyflurane |
|
The tetracycline increases the renal toxicity of methoxyflurane (source: Drug Bank) |
| nafcillin |
|
Possible antagonism of action (source: Drug Bank) |
| oxacillin |
|
Possible antagonism of action (source: Drug Bank) |
| penicillin g |
|
Possible antagonism of action (source: Drug Bank) |
| piperacillin |
|
Possible antagonism of action (source: Drug Bank) |
| quinapril |
|
Quinapril can reduce the absorption of tetracycline (source: Drug Bank) |
| salicylate-magnesium |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| ticarcillin |
|
Possible antagonism of action (source: Drug Bank) |
| warfarin |
|
The tetracycline increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| zinc |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
Curated Information
The following diseases are in curated knowledge about this drug.
| Disease | Relationship | Evidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Malaria |
|
Publications |
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.
Additional Datasets
These datasets are minimally curated and are sorted alphabetically by title.
LinkOuts
Common Searches
Search PubMed
Search Medline Plus
Search PubChem
Search CTD
Non-Curated Publications
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.