PharmGKB: The Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base

Drug/Small Molecule:
tacrine

2D structure

Overview

Generic Names: THA; Tetrahydroaminacrine; Tetrahydroaminoacridine; Tetrahydroaminocrin; Tetrahydroaminocrine
Trade Names: Cognex; Romotal
PharmGKB Accession Id: PA451576

Description

A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders. PubChem (source: Drug Bank)

Indication

For the treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type. (source: Drug Bank)

ATC Therapeutic Categories

  • N06AA:Non-selective monoamine reuptake inhibitors
  • N06DA:Anticholinesterases

Pharmacology, Interactions, and Contraindications

Mechanism Of Action

Tacrine acts by elevating acetylcholine concentrations in the cerebral cortex by slowing the degradation of acetylcholine released by still intact cholinergic neurons. It does so by reversibly binding acetylcholinesterase. (source: Drug Bank)

Pharmacology

Tacrine is a parasympathomimetic, specifically, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. Tacrine is indicated for the treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Tacrine is postulated to exert its therapeutic effect by enhancing cholinergic function. This is accomplished by increasing the concentration of acetylcholine through reversible inhibition of its hydrolysis by acetylcholinesterase. If this proposed mechanism of action is correct, tacrine's effect may lessen as the disease process advances and fewer cholinergic neurons remain functionally intact. There is no evidence that tacrine alters the course of the underlying dementing process. (source: Drug Bank)

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity

Biotransformation

Hepatic. Cytochrome P450 1A2 is the principal isozyme involved in tacrine metabolism. The major metabolite, 1-hydroxy-tacrine (velnacrine), has central cholinergic activity. (source: Drug Bank)

Protein Binding

55% (source: Drug Bank)

Absorption

Tacrine is rapidly absorbed. Absolute bioavailability of tacrine is approximately 17 ± 13%. (source: Drug Bank)

Toxicity

Overdosage with cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. The estimated median lethal dose of tacrine following a single oral dose in rats is 40 mg/kg, or approximately 12 times the maximum recommended human dose of 160 mg/day. (source: Drug Bank)

Isomeric SMILES Code:

c1ccc2c(c1)c(c3c(n2)CCCC3)N (source: Drug Bank)

The following genes are in curated knowledge about this drug.

  Gene Relationship Evidence
No phenotype data Genotype Data Available Literature annotations available Not annotated
ABCB4
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No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
APOE
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No phenotype data Genotype Data Available Literature annotations available Not annotated
CYP1A2
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Phenotype data available Genotype Data Available Literature annotations available Not annotated
GSTM1
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Phenotype data available Genotype Data Available Literature annotations available Not annotated
GSTT1
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No phenotype data Genotype Data Available Literature annotations available Not annotated
IL6
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  • GN
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A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.

Drug Targets

Gene Description
ACHE Uncurated Annotation (source: Drug Bank)

The following drugs are in curated knowledge about this drug.

  Drug Relationship Evidence
No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
caffeine
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Phenotype data available Genotype Data Available Literature annotations available Not annotated
cimetidine
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No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
donepezil
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No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
pentoxifylline
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No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
theophylline
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A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.

Drug Interactions

Drug Description
amitriptyline Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Amitriptyline, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
amoxapine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Amoxapine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
atropine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Atropine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
azelastine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Azelastine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
benztropine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Benztropine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
biperiden Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Biperidin, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
brompheniramine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Brompheniramine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
cetirizine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Cetirizine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
chlorpheniramine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Chlorpheniramine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
chlorpromazine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Chlorpromazine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
ciprofloxacin Uncurated Annotation The metabolism of Tacrine, a CYP1A2 substrate, may be reduced by strong CYP1A2 inhibitors such as Ciprofloxacin. Consider modifying therapy to avoid Tacrine toxicity. Monitor the efficacy and toxicity of Tacrine if Ciprofloxacin is initiated, discontinued or if the dose is changed. (source: Drug Bank)
clomipramine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Clomipramine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
clozapine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Clozapine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
cyclobenzaprine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Cyclobenzaprine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
desipramine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Desipramine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
dimenhydrinate Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Dimenhydrinate, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
diphenhydramine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Diphenhydramine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
doxepin Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Doxepin, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
doxylamine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Doxylamine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
droperidol Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Droperidol, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
fexofenadine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Fexofenadine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
flupenthixol Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Flupenthixol, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
fluphenazine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Fluphenazine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
fluvoxamine Uncurated Annotation The metabolism of Tacrine, a CYP1A2 substrate, may be reduced by strong CYP1A2 inhibitors such as Fluvoxamine. Consider modifying therapy to avoid Tacrine toxicity. Monitor the efficacy and toxicity of Tacrine if Fluvoxamine is initiated, discontinued or if the dose is changed. (source: Drug Bank)
haloperidol Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Haloperidol, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
hydroxyzine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Hydroxyzine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
imipramine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Imipramine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
ipratropium Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Ipratropium, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
isocarboxazid Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Isocarboxazid, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
ketoconazole Uncurated Annotation The metabolism of Tacrine, a CYP1A2 substrate, may be reduced by strong CYP1A2 inhibitors such as Ketoconazole. Consider modifying therapy to avoid Tacrine toxicity. Monitor the efficacy and toxicity of Tacrine if Ketoconazole is initiated, discontinued or if the dose is changed. (source: Drug Bank)
ketotifen Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Ketotifen, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
lidocaine Uncurated Annotation The metabolism of Tacrine, a CYP1A2 substrate, may be reduced by strong CYP1A2 inhibitors such as Lidocaine. Consider modifying therapy to avoid Tacrine toxicity. Monitor the efficacy and toxicity of Tacrine if Lidocaine is initiated, discontinued or if the dose is changed. (source: Drug Bank)
loratadine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Loratadine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
loxapine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Loxapine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
maprotiline Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Maprotiline, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
meclizine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Meclizine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
mesoridazine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Mesoridazine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
methoxsalen Uncurated Annotation The metabolism of Tacrine, a CYP1A2 substrate, may be reduced by strong CYP1A2 inhibitors such as Methoxsalen. Consider modifying therapy to avoid Tacrine toxicity. Monitor the efficacy and toxicity of Tacrine if Methoxsalen is initiated, discontinued or if the dose is changed. (source: Drug Bank)
mexiletine Uncurated Annotation The metabolism of Tacrine, a CYP1A2 substrate, may be reduced by strong CYP1A2 inhibitors such as Mexiletine. Consider modifying therapy to avoid Tacrine toxicity. Monitor the efficacy and toxicity of Tacrine if Mexiletine is initiated, discontinued or if the dose is changed. (source: Drug Bank)
moclobemide Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Moclobemide, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
norfloxacin Uncurated Annotation The metabolism of Tacrine, a CYP1A2 substrate, may be reduced by strong CYP1A2 inhibitors such as Norfloxacin. Consider modifying therapy to avoid Tacrine toxicity. Monitor the efficacy and toxicity of Tacrine if Norfloxacin is initiated, discontinued or if the dose is changed. (source: Drug Bank)
nortriptyline Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Nortriptyline, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
ofloxacin Uncurated Annotation The metabolism of Tacrine, a CYP1A2 substrate, may be reduced by strong CYP1A2 inhibitors such as Ofloxacin. Consider modifying therapy to avoid Tacrine toxicity. Monitor the efficacy and toxicity of Tacrine if Ofloxacin is initiated, discontinued or if the dose is changed. (source: Drug Bank)
olanzapine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Olanzapine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
olopatadine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Olopatadine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
orphenadrine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Orphenadrine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
perphenazine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Perphenazine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
phenelzine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Phenelzine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
pimozide Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Pimozide, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
primaquine Uncurated Annotation The metabolism of Tacrine, a CYP1A2 substrate, may be reduced by strong CYP1A2 inhibitors such as Primaquine. Consider modifying therapy to avoid Tacrine toxicity. Monitor the efficacy and toxicity of Tacrine if Primaquine is initiated, discontinued or if the dose is changed. (source: Drug Bank)
prochlorperazine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Prochlorperazine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
promethazine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Promethazine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
protriptyline Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Protriptyline, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
quetiapine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Quetiapine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
risperidone Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Risperidone, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
scopolamine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Scopolamine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
thioridazine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (ACEI), Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic/antipsychotic, Thioridazine, may be reduced due to antagonism. This interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. ACEIs may also augment the central neurotoxic effect of antipsychotics. Monitor for extrapyramidal symptoms and decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
thiothixene Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (ACEI), Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic/antipsychotic, Thiothixene, may be reduced due to antagonism. This interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. ACEIs may also augment the central neurotoxic effect of antipsychotics. Monitor for extrapyramidal symptoms and decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
tranylcypromine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Tranylcypromine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
trifluoperazine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (ACEI), Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic/antipsychotic, Trifluoperazine, may be reduced due to antagonism. This interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. ACEIs may also augment the central neurotoxic effect of antipsychotics. Monitor for extrapyramidal symptoms and decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
trimipramine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Trimipramine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
triprolidine Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic, Triprolidine, may be reduced due to antagonism. The interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. Monitor for decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)
zuclopenthixol Uncurated Annotation The therapeutic effects of the central acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (ACEI), Tacrine, and/or the anticholinergic/antipsychotic, Zuclopenthixol, may be reduced due to antagonism. This interaction may be beneficial when the anticholinergic action is a side effect. ACEIs may also augment the central neurotoxic effect of antipsychotics. Monitor for extrapyramidal symptoms and decreased efficacy of both agents. (source: Drug Bank)

Curated Information

The following diseases are in curated knowledge about this drug.

  Disease Relationship Evidence
No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced
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  • GN
Publications
No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
Alzheimer Disease
  • CO
  • PD
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  • FA
  • GN
Publications
No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
Drug Toxicity
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No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
Toxic liver disease
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  • GN
Publications

Non-Curated Information

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.

LinkOuts

Web Resource:
Wikipedia
DrugBank:
DB00382
ChEBI ID:
9389
KEGG Compound ID:
C01453
PubChem Compound ID:
1935
PubChem Substance ID:
4630

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Non-Curated Publications

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.

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