Overview
| Trade Names: | Apo-Primidone; Cyral; Desoxyphenobarbitone; Hexadiona; Hexamidine; Lepimidin; Lepsiral; Liskantin; Majsolin; Medi-Pets; Midone; Milepsin; Misodine; Misolyne; Mizodin; Mizolin; Myidone; Mylepsin; Mylepsinum; Mysedon; Mysoline; Neurosyn; Pms Primidone; Prilepsin; Primacione; Primaclone; Primacone; Primakton; Primidon; Primidone Methanol Solution; Primoline; Prysoline; Pyrimidone "Medi-Pets"; Pyrimidone Medi-Pets; Resimatil; Sertan |
|---|---|
| PharmGKB Accession Id: | PA451105 |
Description
An antiepileptic agent related to the barbiturates; it is partly metabolized to phenobarbital in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite. Adverse effects are reported to be more frequent than with phenobarbital. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p309) (source: Drug Bank)
Indication
For the treatment of epilepsy (source: Drug Bank)
ATC Therapeutic Category
- N03AA:Barbiturates and derivatives
Pharmacology, Interactions, and Contraindications
Mechanism Of Action
Primidone is a GABA receptor agonist. The mechanism of Primidone's antiepileptic action is not known. (source: Drug Bank)
Pharmacology
Primidone is a barbiturate with anticonvulsant properties. Primidone, either alone or used concomitantly with other anticonvulsants, is indicated in the control of grand mal, psychomotor, and focal epileptic seizures. It may control grand mal seizures refractory to other anticonvulsant therapy. Primidone raises electro- or chemoshock seizure thresholds or alters seizure patterns in experimental animals. Primidone per se has anticonvulsant activity as do its two metabolites, phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide (PEMA). In addition to its anticonvulsant activity, Primidone potentiates that of phenobarbital in experimental animals. (source: Drug Bank)
Food Interactions
Avoid alcohol.
Avoid high doses of caffeine.
Take with food to reduce gastric irritation.
(source:
Drug Bank)
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity
Biotransformation
Hepatic (source: Drug Bank)
Protein Binding
70% (source: Drug Bank)
Absorption
90 to 100% (source: Drug Bank)
Isomeric SMILES Code:
CCC1(C(=O)NCNC1=O)c2ccccc2 (source: Drug Bank)
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.
Drug Targets
| Gene | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| GABRA1 |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.
Drug Interactions
| Drug | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| acenocoumarol |
|
The barbiturate decreases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| clomifene |
|
The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of hormones (source: Drug Bank) |
| cortisone acetate |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroid (source: Drug Bank) |
| cyclosporine |
|
The barbiturate increases the effect of cyclosporine (source: Drug Bank) |
| dexamethasone |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroid (source: Drug Bank) |
| dicumarol |
|
The barbiturate decreases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| diethylstilbestrol |
|
The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of hormones (source: Drug Bank) |
| doxycycline |
|
The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of doxycycline (source: Drug Bank) |
| estradiol |
|
The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of hormones (source: Drug Bank) |
| estrone |
|
The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of hormones (source: Drug Bank) |
| ethinyl estradiol |
|
This product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| felbamate |
|
Felbamate increases the effect and toxicity of primidone (source: Drug Bank) |
| felodipine |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of felodipine (source: Drug Bank) |
| folic acid |
|
Folic acid decreases the effect of anticonvulsant (source: Drug Bank) |
| gefitinib |
|
This CYP3A4 inducer may reduce gefitinib plasma concentrations and pharmacological effects (source: Drug Bank) |
| griseofulvin |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of griseofulvine (source: Drug Bank) |
| hydrocortisone |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroid (source: Drug Bank) |
| levonorgestrel |
|
Phenobarbital decreases the effect of levonorgestrel (source: Drug Bank) |
| medroxyprogesterone |
|
The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of hormones (source: Drug Bank) |
| megestrol |
|
The enzyme inducer decreases the effect of hormones (source: Drug Bank) |
| mestranol |
|
This product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| methadone |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of methadone (source: Drug Bank) |
| methoxyflurane |
|
The barbiturate increases the renal toxicity of methoxyflurane (source: Drug Bank) |
| methylprednisolone |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroid (source: Drug Bank) |
| metoprolol |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blocker (source: Drug Bank) |
| metronidazole |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of metronidazole (source: Drug Bank) |
| nifedipine |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of the calcium channel blocker (source: Drug Bank) |
| norethindrone |
|
This product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| prednisolone |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroid (source: Drug Bank) |
| prednisone |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroid (source: Drug Bank) |
| propranolol |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blocker (source: Drug Bank) |
| quinidine |
|
The anticonvulsant decreases the effect of quinidine (source: Drug Bank) |
| theophylline |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of theophylline (source: Drug Bank) |
| triamcinolone |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of the corticosteroid (source: Drug Bank) |
| verapamil |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of the calcium channel blocker (source: Drug Bank) |
| voriconazole |
|
The barbiturate decreases the effect of voriconazole (source: Drug Bank) |
| warfarin |
|
The barbiturate decreases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.
Additional Datasets
These datasets are minimally curated and are sorted alphabetically by title.
LinkOuts
Common Searches
Search PubMed
Search Medline Plus
Search PubChem
Search CTD
Non-Curated Publications
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.