PharmGKB: The Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base

Drug/Small Molecule:
potassium chloride

2D structure

Overview

Generic Names: Chlorid draselny [Czech]; Chloride of potash; ClK; Dipotassium dichloride; Hydrochloric acid potassium salt (1:1); Monopotassium chloride; Potassium monochloride; Potassium thallium chloride (KTlCl); Tripotassium trichloride
Trade Names: Acronitol; Addi-K; Apo-K; Celeka; Cena-K; Chloropotassuril; Chloropotassuril diffu-K; Chlorvescent; Clor-K-Zaf; Colyte; Diffu-K; Duffi-K; Durekal; Durules; Durules-K; Emplets potassium chloride; Enpott; Enseal; Infalyte; K Tab; K-Care; K-Contin; K-Grad; K-Lease; K-Lor; K-Lyte Cl; K-Lyte/Cl; K-Norm; K-Predne-dome; K-SR; K-Sol; K-Tab; K-dur; K-lyte/C1; K. tab; KCL Retard; KCl; KCl-retard Zyma; KM potassium chloride; KSR; Kadalex; Kalcorid; Kaleorid; Kaleorod; Kaliduron; Kaliglutol; Kalilente; Kalinor-Retard P; Kalinorm; Kaliolite; Kalipor; Kalipoz; Kalitabs; Kalitrans Retard; Kalium Duriles; Kalium Durules; Kalium Retard; Kalium S.R.; Kalium SR; Kalium-Durettes; Kalium-R; Kalium-duriles; Kaliumchlorid; Kaochlor; Kaon CL; Kaon Ultra; Kaon-Cl; Kaon-ci; Kaskay; Kato; Kay Ciel; Kay-Ciel; Kay-EM; Kay-cee-l; Kayback; Kelp salt; Keylyte; Klor-Con; Klor-Con M20; Klor-Lyte; Kloren; Klorvess; Klotrix; Kolyum; Lento-K; Lento-kalium; Leo K; Leo-K; Micro-K; Micro-K Extentcaps; Micro-K LS; Micro-Kalium Retard; Miopotasio; Muriate of potash; Natural sylvite; Neobakasal; Nu-K; Peter-kal; Pfiklor; Plus Kalium Retard; Potasion; Potasol; Potassium Chloride 10meq in Plastic Container; Potassium Chloride BP; Potassium muriate; Potavescent; Rekawan; Rekawan Retard; Repone K; Repone-K; Rum-K; Sal digestnum sylvii; Sando-K; Selora; Slow-K; Span-K; Steropotassium; Super K; Ten-K; Trona muriate of potash; Trona potassium chloride; Ultra K Chlor; Ultra-K-Chlor
Brand Mixtures: 0.15% potassium chloride in 3.3% dextrose and 0.30% sodium chloride injection (dextrose + potassium chloride + sodium chloride); 0.15% potassium chloride in 5% dextrose and 0.20% sodium chloride injection usp (dextrose + potassium chloride + sodium chloride); 0.15% potassium chloride in 5% dextrose and 0.33% sodium chloride injection usp (dextrose + potassium chloride + sodium chloride); 0.15% potassium chloride in 5% dextrose and 0.45% sodium chloride injection (dextrose + potassium chloride + sodium chloride); 0.15% potassium chloride in 5% dextrose and 0.9% sodium chloride injection (dextrose + potassium chloride + sodium chloride); 0.15% potassium chloride in 5% dextrose injection usp (dextrose + potassium chloride); 0.30% potassium chloride in 5% dextrose (dextrose + potassium chloride); 0.30% potassium chloride in 5% dextrose and 0.45% sodium chloride injection (dextrose + potassium chloride + sodium chloride); 12 in/dans 1 tab (calcium fluoride + calcium phosphate (tribasic) + calcium sulfate + ferrous phosphate + magnesium phosphate dibasic + potassium chloride + potassium phosphate dibasic + potassium sulfate + silicon dioxide + sodium chloride + sodium phosphate dibasic + sodium sulfate); 29 essential vitamins and minerals (beta-carotene + biotin + calcium (calcium phosphate (dibasic), calcium carbonate) + chlorine (potassium chloride) + chromium (chromic chloride) + copper (cupric oxide) + d-pantothenic acid (calcium d-pantothenate) + folic acid + iodine (potassium iodide) + iron (ferrous fumarate) + magnesium (magnesium oxide) + manganese (manganese sulfate) + molybdenum (sodium molybdate) + nickel (nickel sulfate) + nicotinamide + phosphorus (calcium phosphate (dibasic)) + potassium (potassium chloride) + selenium (sodium selenate) + silicon (sodium metasilicate) + tin (stannous chloride) + vanadium (sodium metavanadate) + vitamin a (vitamin a acetate) + vitamin b1 (thiamine mononitrate) + vitamin b12 (cyanocobalamin) + vitamin b2 (riboflavin) + vitamin b6 (pyridoxol hydrochloride) + vitamin c (ascorbic acid) + vitamin d3 (cholecalciferol) + vitamin e (dl-alpha tocopheryl acetate) + zinc (zinc oxide))
PharmGKB Accession Id: PA451055

Description

A white crystal or crystalline powder used as an electrolyte replenisher, in the treatment of hypokalemia, in buffer solutions, and in fertilizers and explosives. (source: Drug Bank)

Indication

For use as an electrolyte replenisher and in the treatment of hypokalemia. (source: Drug Bank)

ATC Therapeutic Categories

  • A12BA:Potassium
  • B05XA:Electrolyte solutions

Pharmacology, Interactions, and Contraindications

Mechanism Of Action

Supplemental potassium in the form of high potassium food or potassium chloride may be able to restore normal potassium levels. (source: Drug Bank)

Pharmacology

The potassium ion is in the principle intracellular cation of most body tissues. Potassium ions participate in a number of essential physiological processes including the maintenance of intracellular tonicity, the transmission of nerve impulses, the contraction of cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle, and the maintenance of normal renal function. The intracellular concentration of potassium is approximately 150 to 160 mEq per liter. The normal adult plasma concentration is 3.5 to 5 mEq per liter. An active ion transport system maintains this gradient across the plasma membrane. Potassium is a normal dietary constituent and under steady-state conditions the amount of potassium absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract is equal to the amount excreted in the urine. The usual dietary intake of potassium is 50 to 100 mEq per day. Potassium depletion will occur whenever the rate of potassium loss through renal excretion and/or loss from the gastrointestinal tract exceeds the rate of potassium intake. Such depletion usually develops as a consequence of therapy with diuretics, primarily or secondary hyperaldosteronism, diabetic ketoacidosis, or inadequate replacement of potassium in patients on prolonged parenteral nutrition. Depletion can develop rapidly with severe diarrhea, especially if associated with vomiting. Potassium depletion due to these causes is usually accompanied by concomitant loss of chloride and is manifested by hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. Potassium depletion may produce weakness, fatigue, disturbances of cardiac rhythm (primarily ectopic beats), prominent U-waves in the electrocardiogram, and, in advanced cases, flaccid paralysis and/or impaired ability to concentrate urine. If potassium depletion associated with metabolic alkalosis cannot be managed by correcting the fundamental cause of the deficiency, e.g., where the patient requires long-term diuretic therapy, supplemental potassium in the form of high potassium food or potassium chloride may be able to restore normal potassium levels. In rare circumstances (e.g., patients with renal tubular acidosis) potassium depletion may be associated with metabolic acidosis and hyperchloremia. In such patients, potassium replacement should be accomplished with potassium salts other than the chloride, such as potassium bicarbonate, potassium citrate, potassium acetate, or potassium gluconate. (source: Drug Bank)

Food Interactions

Take with a full glass of water Take after a full meal. (source: Drug Bank)

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity

Absorption

Potassium is a normal dietary constituent and under steady-state conditions the amount of potassium absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract is equal to the amount excreted in the urine. (source: Drug Bank)

Toxicity

The administration of oral potassium salts to persons with normal excretory mechanisms for potassium rarely causes serious hyperkalemia. However, if excretory mechanisms are impaired, of if potassium is administered too rapidly intravenously, potentially fatal hyperkalemia can result. It is important to recognize that hyperkalemia is usually asymptomatic and may be manifested only by an increased serum potassium concentration (6.5-8.0 mEq/L) and characteristic electrocardiographic changes (peaking of T-waves, loss of P-wave, depression of S-T segment, and prolongation of the QT interval). Late manifestations include muscle paralysis and cardiovascular collapse from cardiac arrest (9-12 mEq/L). (source: Drug Bank)

Isomeric SMILES Code:

[Cl-].[K+] (source: Drug Bank)

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.

Drug Targets

Gene Description
SLC12A5 Uncurated Annotation (source: Drug Bank)
SLC12A4 Uncurated Annotation (source: Drug Bank)
SLC12A6 Uncurated Annotation (source: Drug Bank)
SLC12A7 Uncurated Annotation (source: Drug Bank)
SLC12A1 Uncurated Annotation (source: Drug Bank)
SLC12A2 Uncurated Annotation (source: Drug Bank)

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.

Non-Curated Information

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.

LinkOuts

Web Resource:
Wikipedia
DrugBank:
DB00761
ChEBI ID:
32588
KEGG Drug ID:
D02060
PubChem Compound ID:
24015
PubChem Substance ID:
7849122

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Non-Curated Publications

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.

PharmGKB integrates drug information from different sources: DrugBank, Open Eye Scientific Software.
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