PharmGKB: The Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base

Drug/Small Molecule:
piroxicam

2D structure

Overview

Generic Names: AK1015; piroxicam
Trade Names: Akten; Apo-Piroxicam; Artroxicam; Baxo; Bruxicam; Caliment; Erazon; Feldene; Flogobene; Geldene; Improntal; Larapam; Pipoxicam; Pirkam; Piroflex; Reudene; Riacen; Roxicam; Roxiden; Sasulen; Solocalm; Zunden; piroxicam usp
PharmGKB Accession Id: PA450985

Description

A cyclooxygenase inhibiting, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that is well established in treating rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and used for musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and postoperative pain. Its long half-life enables it to be administered once daily. PubChem (source: Drug Bank)

Indication

For treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. (source: Drug Bank)

ATC Therapeutic Categories

  • M01AC:Oxicams
  • M02AA:Antiinflammatory preparations, non-steroids for topical use
  • S01BC:Antiinflammatory agents, non-steroids

Pharmacology, Interactions, and Contraindications

Mechanism Of Action

The antiinflammatory effect of Piroxicam may result from the reversible inhibition of cyclooxygenase, causing the peripheral inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. The prostaglandins are produced by an enzyme called Cox-1. Piroxicam blocks the Cox-1 enzyme, resulting into the disruption of production of prostaglandins. Piroxicam also inhibits the migration of leukocytes into sites of inflammation and prevents the formation of thromboxane A2, an aggregating agent, by the platelets. (source: Drug Bank)

Pharmacology

Piroxicam is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Piroxicam works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body. Piroxicam is used to reduce the pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. (source: Drug Bank)

Food Interactions

Take with food. Avoid alcohol. (source: Drug Bank)

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity

Biotransformation

Renal (source: Drug Bank)

Absorption

Well absorbed following oral administration. (source: Drug Bank)

Toxicity

Symptoms of overdose include drowsiness, nausea, stomach pain, and/or vomiting. (source: Drug Bank)

Isomeric SMILES Code:

CN1C(=C(c2ccccc2S1(=O)=O)O)C(=O)Nc3ccccn3 (source: Drug Bank)

The following genes are in curated knowledge about this drug.

  Gene Relationship Evidence
Phenotype data available Genotype Data Available Literature annotations available Has annotations
CYP2C9
  • CO
  • PD
  • PK
  •   
  • GN
Publications
No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
SLC22A11
  •   
  •   
  •   
  • FA
  •   
Publications
Phenotype data available Genotype Data Available Literature annotations available Not annotated
SLC22A6
  •   
  •   
  •   
  • FA
  •   
Publications
Phenotype data available Genotype Data Available Literature annotations available Not annotated
SLC22A8
  •   
  •   
  •   
  • FA
  •   
Publications
No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
SLC22A9
  •   
  •   
  •   
  • FA
  •   
Publications

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.

Drug Targets

Gene Description
PTGS1 Uncurated Annotation (source: Drug Bank)

PharmGKB Curated Pathways

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.

Drug Interactions

Drug Description
acebutolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
acenocoumarol Uncurated Annotation The NSAID increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank)
alendronate Uncurated Annotation Increased risk of gastric toxicity (source: Drug Bank)
atenolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
betaxolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
bisoprolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
carvedilol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
cyclosporine Uncurated Annotation Monitor for nephrotoxicity (source: Drug Bank)
dicumarol Uncurated Annotation The NSAID increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank)
esmolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
lithium Uncurated Annotation The NSAID increases serum levels of lithium (source: Drug Bank)
methotrexate Uncurated Annotation The NSAID increases the effect and toxicity of methotrexate (source: Drug Bank)
metoprolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
nadolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
oxprenolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
pindolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
propranolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
ritonavir Uncurated Annotation Ritonavir increases the toxicity of piroxicam (source: Drug Bank)
sotalol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
timolol Uncurated Annotation Risk of inhibition of renal prostaglandins (source: Drug Bank)
warfarin Uncurated Annotation The NSAID increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank)

Curated Information

The following diseases are in curated knowledge about this drug.

  Disease Relationship Evidence
No phenotype data No genotype data Literature annotations available Not annotated
Hemorrhage
  • CO
  •   
  •   
  •   
  • GN
Publications

Non-Curated Information

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.

Curated Phenotype Datasets

These datasets are sorted alphabetically by title.

  1. CYP2C9 Variants and Piroxicam Metabolism
    • Genotype data available
    • Phenotype data available
    • No literature annotations
    • Not annotated
    • FA
    Submitted by Timothy S. Tracy, PhD involving CYP2C9, and piroxicam

Additional Datasets

These datasets are minimally curated and are sorted alphabetically by title.

  1. The Connectivity Map: using gene-expression signatures to connect small molecules, genes, and disease

Downloads

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LinkOuts

Web Resource:
Wikipedia
DrugBank:
DB00554
KEGG Compound ID:
C01608
KEGG Drug ID:
D00127
PubChem Compound ID:
5280452
PubChem Substance ID:
4761

Common Searches

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Non-Curated Publications

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.

PharmGKB integrates drug information from different sources: DrugBank, Open Eye Scientific Software.
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