Overview
| Trade Names: | Chibroxin; Noroxin |
|---|---|
| PharmGKB Accession Id: | PA450654 |
Description
A synthetic fluoroquinolone (fluoroquinolones) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase. PubChem (source: Drug Bank)
Indication
For the treatment of urinary tract infection (source: Drug Bank)
ATC Therapeutic Categories
- J01MA:Fluoroquinolones
- S01AX:Other antiinfectives
Pharmacology, Interactions, and Contraindications
Mechanism Of Action
The bactericidal action of Norfloxacin results from inhibition of the enzymes topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, which are required for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. Norfloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterias. The fluorine atom at the 6 position increases potency against gram-negative organisms, and the piperazine moiety at the 7 position is responsible for anti-pseudomonal activity (source: Drug Bank)
Pharmacology
Norfloxacin is a quinolone/fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian. (source: Drug Bank)
Food Interactions
Avoid high doses of caffeine.
Take on an empty stomach. Drink liberally.
(source:
Drug Bank)
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity
Biotransformation
Via liver and kidney (source: Drug Bank)
Protein Binding
10 and 15% (Serum protein binding) (source: Drug Bank)
Absorption
Rapid (source: Drug Bank)
Isomeric SMILES Code:
CCn1cc(c(=O)c2c1cc(c(c2)F)N3CCNCC3)C(=O)O (source: Drug Bank)
The following genes are in curated knowledge about this drug.
Primary phenotype data has been submitted and is available
| Gene | Relationship | Evidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
SLCO1A2 |
|
Publications |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.
Drug Targets
| Gene | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| TOP2A |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.
Drug Interactions
| Drug | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| acenocoumarol |
|
The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| caffeine |
|
The quinolone increases the effect and toxicity of caffeine (source: Drug Bank) |
| calcium |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| clozapine |
|
Ciprofloxacin may increase clozapine serum levels (source: Drug Bank) |
| cyclosporine |
|
The quinolone increases the effect and toxicity of cyclosporine (source: Drug Bank) |
| dicumarol |
|
The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| foscarnet |
|
Increased risk of convulsions (source: Drug Bank) |
| iron |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| magnesium |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| magnesium oxide |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| sucralfate |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| theophylline |
|
The quinolone increases the effect of theophylline (source: Drug Bank) |
| warfarin |
|
The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| zinc |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.
Additional Datasets
These datasets are minimally curated and are sorted alphabetically by title.
LinkOuts
Common Searches
Search PubMed
Search Medline Plus
Search PubChem
Search CTD
Non-Curated Publications
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.