Overview
| Generic Names: | L-Ofloxacin; levofloxacin |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name: | (-)-(S)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7Hpyrido[1,2,3-de]-1,4 benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid hemihydrate |
| Trade Names: | Cravit; Cravit Ophthalmic; Elequine; Floxel; Iquix; Leroxacin; Lesacin; Levaquin; Levokacin; Levox; Levoxacin; Mosardal; Nofaxin; Quixin; Reskuin; Tavanic; Volequin |
| PharmGKB Accession Id: | PA450214 |
Description
A synthetic fluoroquinolone (fluoroquinolones) antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication. [PubChem]
Indication
For the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms: Corynebacterium species, Staphylococus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus (Groups C/F/G), Viridans group streptococci, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Haemophilus influenzae, Serratia marcescens.
ATC Therapeutic Categories
- J01MA:Fluoroquinolones
- S01AX:Other antiinfectives
Pharmacology and Interactions
Mechanism Of Action
Levofloxacin inhibits bacterial type II topoisomerases, topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. Levofloxacin, like other fluoroquinolones, inhibits the A subunits of DNA gyrase, two subunits encoded by the gyrA gene. This results in strand breakage on a bacterial chromosome, supercoiling, and resealing; DNA replication and transcription is inhibited.
Pharmacology
Levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antiinfective, is the optically active L-isomer of ofloxacin. Levofloxacin is used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis, sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia and pneumonia caused by penicillin-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, skin and skin structure infections, complicated urinary tract infections and acute pyelonephritis.
Food Interactions
Take without regard to meals. Take with water, drink lliberally. Taking this product with orange juice can result in reduced quinolone plasma levels.
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity
Protein Binding
24-38% (to plasma proteins)
Absorption
Absorption of ofloxacin after single or multiple doses of 200 to 400 mg is predictable, and the amount of drug absorbed increases proportionately with the dose.
Half Life
6-8 hours
Toxicity
Side effects include disorientation, dizziness, drowsiness, hot and cold flashes, nausea, slurring of speech, swelling and numbness in the face
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula:
C18H20FN3O4
SMILES Code:
C[C@H]1COC2=C3N1C=C(C(=O)C3=CC(=C2N4CCN(CC4)C)F)C(=O)O
(Format: OpenEye Isomeric)
Molecular Weight ( average / monoisotopic )
361.3675 / 361.1438
Curated Information
The following genes are in curated knowledge about this drug.
| Gene | Relationship | Evidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
ABCB1 |
|
Publications |
|
SLCO1A2 |
|
Publications |
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.
Metabolizing Enzymes
Drug Targets
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.
Drug Interactions
| acenocoumarol | The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect |
| aluminium | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
| amiodarone | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| anisindione | The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect |
| bepridil | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| bismuth | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
| bretylium | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| calcium | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
| chlorpromazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| dicumarol | The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect |
| dihydroquinidine barbiturate | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| disopyramide | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| erythromycin | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| fluphenazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| iron | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
| josamycin | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| magnesium | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
| magnesium oxide | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
| mesoridazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| methotrimeprazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| perphenazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| procainamide | The quinolone increases the effect of procainamide |
| prochlorperazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| promazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| promethazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| propiomazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| quinidine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| quinidine barbiturate | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| quinupristin | This combination presents an increased risk of toxicity |
| sotalol | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| sucralfate | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
| thiethylperazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| thioridazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| trifluoperazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| triflupromazine | Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias |
| warfarin | The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect |
| zinc | Formation of non-absorbable complexes |
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.
Additional Datasets
These datasets are minimally curated and are sorted alphabetically by title.
LinkOuts
Common Searches
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Non-Curated Publications
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.