Overview
| Generic Names: | L-Ofloxacin; levofloxacin |
|---|---|
| Trade Names: | Cravit; Cravit Ophthalmic; Elequine; Floxel; Iquix; Leroxacin; Lesacin; Levaquin; Levokacin; Levox; Levoxacin; Mosardal; Nofaxin; Quixin; Reskuin; Tavanic; Volequin |
| PharmGKB Accession Id: | PA450214 |
Description
A synthetic fluoroquinolone (fluoroquinolones) antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication. PubChem (source: Drug Bank)
Indication
For the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms: <i>Corynebacterium</i> species, <i>Staphylococus aureus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i> (Groups C/F/G), Viridans group streptococci, <i>Acinetobacter lwoffii</i>, <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>, <i>Serratia marcescens</i>. (source: Drug Bank)
ATC Therapeutic Categories
- J01MA:Fluoroquinolones
- S01AX:Other antiinfectives
Pharmacology, Interactions, and Contraindications
Mechanism Of Action
Levofloxacin inhibits bacterial type II topoisomerases, topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. Levofloxacin, like other fluoroquinolones, inhibits the A subunits of DNA gyrase, two subunits encoded by the gyrA gene. This results in strand breakage on a bacterial chromosome, supercoiling, and resealing; DNA replication and transcription is inhibited. (source: Drug Bank)
Pharmacology
Levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antiinfective, is the optically active L-isomer of ofloxacin. Levofloxacin is used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis, sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia and pneumonia caused by penicillin-resistant strains of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, skin and skin structure infections, complicated urinary tract infections and acute pyelonephritis. (source: Drug Bank)
Food Interactions
Take without regard to meals. Take with water, drink lliberally. Taking this product with orange juice can result in reduced quinolone plasma levels. (source: Drug Bank)
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity
Protein Binding
24-38% (to plasma proteins) (source: Drug Bank)
Absorption
Absorption of ofloxacin after single or multiple doses of 200 to 400 mg is predictable, and the amount of drug absorbed increases proportionately with the dose. (source: Drug Bank)
Toxicity
Side effects include disorientation, dizziness, drowsiness, hot and cold flashes, nausea, slurring of speech, swelling and numbness in the face (source: Drug Bank)
Isomeric SMILES Code:
C[C@H]1COC2=C3N1C=C(C(=O)C3=CC(=C2N4CCN(CC4)C)F)C(=O)O (source: Drug Bank)
The following genes are in curated knowledge about this drug.
| Gene | Relationship | Evidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
ABCB1 |
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Publications |
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CYP1A2 |
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Publications |
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CYP2C9 |
|
Publications |
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SLCO1A2 |
|
Publications |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.
Drug Targets
| Gene | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| TOP2A |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.
Drug Interactions
| Drug | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| acenocoumarol |
|
The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| amiodarone |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| bretylium |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| calcium |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| chlorpromazine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| dicumarol |
|
The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| disopyramide |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| erythromycin |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| fluphenazine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| iron |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| magnesium |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| magnesium oxide |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| mesoridazine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| perphenazine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| procainamide |
|
The quinolone increases the effect of procainamide (source: Drug Bank) |
| prochlorperazine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| promazine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| promethazine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| quinidine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| sotalol |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| sucralfate |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
| thioridazine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| trifluoperazine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| triflupromazine |
|
Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias (source: Drug Bank) |
| warfarin |
|
The quinolone increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| zinc |
|
Formation of non-absorbable complexes (source: Drug Bank) |
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.
Additional Datasets
These datasets are minimally curated and are sorted alphabetically by title.
LinkOuts
Common Searches
Search PubMed
Search Medline Plus
Search PubChem
Search CTD
Non-Curated Publications
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.