Overview
| Trade Names: | Aerrane; Ethane; Forane; Forene; Isoflurane [Usan:Ban:Inn:Jan]; Isofluranum [INN-Latin] |
|---|---|
| PharmGKB Accession Id: | PA450106 |
Description
A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects. PubChem (source: Drug Bank)
Indication
For induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. (source: Drug Bank)
ATC Therapeutic Category
- N01AB:Halogenated hydrocarbons
Pharmacology, Interactions, and Contraindications
Mechanism Of Action
Isoflurane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Isoflurane also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. Also appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase. Isoflurane also binds to the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca<sup>2+</sup> activated potassium channel, the glutamate receptor and the glycine receptor. (source: Drug Bank)
Pharmacology
Isoflurane is a general inhalation anesthetic used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It induces muscle relaxation and reduces pains sensitivity by altering tissue excitability. It does so by decreasing the extent of gap junction mediated cell-cell coupling and altering the activity of the channels that underlie the action potential. (source: Drug Bank)
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity
Biotransformation
Minimal (source: Drug Bank)
Toxicity
LC50=15300 ppm/3 hrs (inhalation by rat) (source: Drug Bank)
Isomeric SMILES Code:
C(C(F)(F)F)(OC(F)F)Cl (source: Drug Bank)
The following genes are in curated knowledge about this drug.
| Gene | Relationship | Evidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
CYP2E1 |
|
Publications |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.
Drug Targets
| Gene | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| ATP5D |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
| ATP2C1 |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
| CALM1 |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
| GABRA1 |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
| GRIA1 |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
| GLRA1 |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
| MT-ND1 |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
| KCNA1 |
|
(source: Drug Bank) |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.
Curated Phenotype Datasets
These datasets are sorted alphabetically by title.
- Drug-Induced Long QT Intervals
- PD
Submitted by Dan Roden, MD involving ADRB1, ADRB2, KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNH2, KCNQ1, SCN5A, almokalant, amiodarone, amitriptyline, bretylium, bupivacaine, cisapride, disopyramide, dofetilide, encainide, fluconazole, haloperidol, hydroquinidine, isoflurane, itraconazole, ketoconazole, lithium, loratadine, metoclopramide, nortriptyline, procainamide, quinidine, sematilide, sotalol, sulfamethoxazole, thioridazine, trimethoprim, , Long QT Syndrome, Proarrhythmia and Torsades de Pointes
Downloads
You must sign in before you can download data.
LinkOuts
Common Searches
Search PubMed
Search Medline Plus
Search PubChem
Search CTD
Non-Curated Publications
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.