Drug/Small Molecule:

erythromycin

Erythromycin is a bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by <i>Streptomyces erythreus</i>. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins. PubChem (source: Drug Bank)

For use in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms in the following diseases: respiratory tract infections (upper and lower) of mild to moderate degree, pertussis (whooping cough), as adjunct to antitoxin in infections due to <i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i>, in the treatment of infections due to <i>Corynebacterium minutissimum</i>, intestinal amebiasis caused by <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>, acute pelvic inflammatory disease caused by <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>, skin and soft tissue infections of mild to moderate severity caused by <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, primary syphilis caused by <i>Treponema pallidum</i>, infections caused by <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>, nongonococcal urethritis caused by <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum</i>, and Legionnaires' disease caused by <i>Legionella pneumophila</i>. (source: Drug Bank)

Erythromycin acts by penetrating the bacterial cell membrane and reversibly binding to the 50 S subunit of bacterial ribosomes or near the “P” or donor site so that binding of tRNA (transfer RNA) to the donor site is blocked. Translocation of peptides from the “A” or acceptor site to the “P” or donor site is prevented, and subsequent protein synthesis is inhibited. Erythromycin is effective only against actively dividing organisms. The exact mechanism by which erythmromycin reduces lesions of acne vulgaris is not fully known: however, the effect appears to be due in part to the antibacterial activity of the drug. (source: Drug Bank)

Erythromycin is produced by a strain of <i>Streptomyces erythraeus</i> and belongs to the macrolide group of antibiotics. After absorption, erythromycin diffuses readily into most body fluids. In the absence of meningeal inflammation, low concentrations are normally achieved in the spinal fluid, but the passage of the drug across the blood-brain barrier increases in meningitis. Erythromycin is excreted in breast milk. The drug crosses the placental barrier, but fetal plasma levels are low. Erythromycin is not removed by peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis. (source: Drug Bank)

Avoid alcohol.
Take on empty stomach: 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
Take with a full glass of water Avoid taking with grapefruit juice. (source: Drug Bank)

Hepatic. Extensively metabolized - after oral administration, less than 5% of the administered dose can be recovered in the active form in the urine. (source: Drug Bank)

Erythromycin is largely bound to plasma proteins, and the freely dissociating bound fraction after administration of erythromycin base represents 90% of the total erythromycin absorbed. (source: Drug Bank)

Orally administered erythromycin base and its salts are readily absorbed in the microbiologically active form. Topical application of the ophthalmic ointment to the eye may result in absorption into the cornea and aqueous humor. (source: Drug Bank)

Symptoms of overdose include diarrhea, nausea, stomach cramps, and vomiting. (source: Drug Bank)

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