Overview
| Generic Names: | Cloxacillin Sodium |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name: | (2S,5R,6R)-6-[[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl1,2-oxazole-4-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid |
| Trade Names: | Novo-Cloxin; Nu-Cloxi |
| PharmGKB Accession Id: | PA449059 |
Description
A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of oxacillin. [PubChem]
Indication
Used to treat infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci, including pneumococci, group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, and penicillin G-sensitive and penicillin G-resistant staphylococci.
ATC Therapeutic Category
- J01CF:Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins
Pharmacology and Interactions
Mechanism Of Action
By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, cloxacillin inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that cloxacillin interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.
Pharmacology
Cloxacillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic in the same class as penicillin. Cloxacillin is for use against staphylococci that produce beta-lactamase.
Food Interactions
Take on an empty stomach.
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity
Protein Binding
95%
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Toxicity
Oral LD50 in rat and mouse is 5000 mg/kg. Intravenous LD50 in rat is 1660 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include wheezing, tightness in the chest, fever, itching, bad cough, blue skin color, fits, and swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula:
C19H18ClN3O5S
SMILES Code:
Cc1c(c(no1)c2ccccc2Cl)C(=O)N[C@H]3[C@@H]4N(C3=O)[C@H](C(S4)(C)C)C(=O)O
(Format: OpenEye Isomeric)
Molecular Weight ( average / monoisotopic )
435.881 / 435.0656
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.
Drug Targets
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.
Drug Interactions
| acenocoumarol | The IV penicillin increases the anticoagulant effect |
| anisindione | The IV penicillin increases the anticoagulant effect |
| demeclocycline | Possible antagonism of action |
| dicumarol | The IV penicillin increases the anticoagulant effect |
| doxycycline | Possible antagonism of action |
| ethinyl estradiol | This anti-infectious agent could decrease the effect of the oral contraceptive |
| mestranol | This anti-infectious agent could decrease the effect of the oral contraceptive |
| methacycline | Possible antagonism of action |
| methotrexate | The penicillin increases the effect and toxicity of methotrexate |
| minocycline | Possible antagonism of action |
| oxytetracycline | Possible antagonism of action |
| rolitetracycline | Possible antagonism of action |
| tetracycline | Possible antagonism of action |
| warfarin | The IV penicillin increases the anticoagulant effect |
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.
Additional Datasets
These datasets are minimally curated and are sorted alphabetically by title.
LinkOuts
Common Searches
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Non-Curated Publications
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.