Overview
| Generic Names: | Aritromicina [Spanish]; Azithramycine; Azithromycin Dihydrate; Azithromycine [French]; Azithromycinum [Latin] |
|---|---|
| Trade Names: | Azenil; Azibiot; Azifine; Azitromax; Aziwok; Aztrin; Hemomycin; Misultina; Mixoterin; Setron; Sumamed; Tobil; Tromix; Vinzam; Zeto; Zifin; Zithrax; Zithromax; Zitrim; Zitrocin; Zitromax; Zitrotek; Zmax |
| PharmGKB Accession Id: | PA448519 |
Description
A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to erythromycin. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis. PubChem (source: Drug Bank)
Indication
For the treatment of patients with mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the specific conditions: <i>H. influenzae</i>, <i>M. catarrhalis</i>, <i>S. pneumoniae</i>, <i>C. pneumoniae</i>, <i>M. pneumoniae</i>, <i>S. pyogenes</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>S. agal</i> (source: Drug Bank)
ATC Therapeutic Category
- J01FA:Macrolides
Pharmacology, Interactions, and Contraindications
Mechanism Of Action
Azithromycin binds to the 50S subunit of the 70S bacterial ribosomes, and therefore inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis in bacterial cells. (source: Drug Bank)
Pharmacology
Azithromycin, a semisynthetic antibiotic belonging to the macrolide subgroup of azalides, is used to treat STDs due to chlamydia and gonorrhea, community-acquired pneumonia, pelvic inflammatory disease, pediatric otitis media and pharyngitis, and <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex (MAC) in patients with advanced HIV disease. Similar in structure to erythromycin. azithromycin reaches higher intracellular concentrations than erythromycin, increasing its efficacy and duration of action. (source: Drug Bank)
Food Interactions
Do not take Aluminum or magnesium antacids or supplements while on this medication.
Take on empty stomach: 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
(source:
Drug Bank)
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination & Toxicity
Biotransformation
Hepatic. In vitro and in vivo studies to assess the metabolism of azithromycin have not been performed. (source: Drug Bank)
Protein Binding
Serum protein binding is variable in the concentration range approximating human exposure, decreasing from 51% at 0.02 µg/mL to 7% at 2 µg/mL. (source: Drug Bank)
Absorption
Bioavailability is 37% following oral administration. (source: Drug Bank)
Toxicity
Potentially serious side effects of angioedema and cholestatic jaundice were reported (source: Drug Bank)
Isomeric SMILES Code:
CC[C@@H]1[C@@]([C@@H]([C@H](N(C[C@@H](C[C@@]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)O1)C)O[C@H]2C[C@@]([C@H]([C@@H](O2)C)O)(C)OC)C)O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@H](O3)C)N(C)C)O)(C)O)C)C)C)O)(C)O (source: Drug Bank)
The following genes are in curated knowledge about this drug.
| Gene | Relationship | Evidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
ABCB1 |
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Publications |
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ABCC2 |
|
Publications |
|
|
CYP3A4 |
|
Publications |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.
The following drugs are in curated knowledge about this drug.
| Drug | Relationship | Evidence | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
digoxin |
|
Publications |
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.
Drug Interactions
| Drug | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| acenocoumarol |
|
Increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| cyclosporine |
|
The macrolide increases the effect of cyclosporine (source: Drug Bank) |
| dicumarol |
|
Increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
| disopyramide |
|
The macrolide increases the effect of disopyramide (source: Drug Bank) |
| lovastatin |
|
Azithromycin can possibly increase the statin toxicity (source: Drug Bank) |
| warfarin |
|
Increases the anticoagulant effect (source: Drug Bank) |
Non-Curated Information
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.
Additional Datasets
These datasets are minimally curated and are sorted alphabetically by title.
LinkOuts
Common Searches
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Non-Curated Publications
A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.