Drug:

halothane

Overview

Generic Names:	Alotano [Dcit]; Bromchlortrifluoraethanum; Bromochlorotrifluoroethane; Cf3chclbr; Fluorotane; Fluorothane; Freon 123b1; Ftorotan [Russian]; Ftuorotan; Halotano [INN-Spanish]; Halothan; Halothanum [INN-Latin]; Narcotann Ne-Spofa [Russian]
IUPAC Name:	2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane
Trade Names:	Anestan; Chalothane; Fluktan; Fluothane; Halan; Halotan; Halothane; Halsan; Narcotan; Narcotane; Narkotan; Phthorothanum; Rhodialothan
PharmGKB Accession Id:	PA449845

Description

A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. nitrous oxide is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)

Indication

For the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia

Therapeutic Category

• N01AB:Halogenated hydrocarbons

Pharmacology and Interactions

Mechanism Of Action

Halothane induces a reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening times and increasing gap junction channel closing times. Halothane also activates calcium dependent ATPase in the sarcoplasmic reticulum by increasing the fluidity of the lipid membrane. Also appears to bind the D subunit of ATP synthase and NADH dehydogenase. Halothane also binds to the GABA receptor, the large conductance Ca²⁺ activated potassium channel, the glutamate receptor and the glycine receptor.

Pharmacology

Halothane is a general inhalation anesthetic used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It reduces the blood pressure and frequently decreases the pulse rate and depresses respiration. It induces muscle relaxation and reduces pains sensitivity by altering tissue excitability. It does so by decreasing the extent of gap junction mediated cell-cell coupling and altering the activity of the channels that underlie the action potential.

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula:

C₂HBrClF₃

SMILES Code:

C(C(F)(F)F)(Cl)Br

(Format: OpenEye Isomeric)

Molecular Weight ( average / monoisotopic )

197.382 / 195.8902

Curated Information

The following genes are in curated knowledge about this drug.

	Gene	Relationship	Evidence
	CYP2A6	PK	Publications
	CYP3A4	PK	Publications
	RYR1	PD	Publications

Non-Curated Information

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other genes is available.

Metabolizing Enzymes

• CYP2A6
• CYP2E1

Drug Targets

• GLRA1
• GNG2
• ATP5D
• GRIA1
• KCNJ3
• KCNJ6
• NPSR1
• ATP2C1
• ALB
• KCNN4
• GABRA1
• KCNMA1
• RHO
• MT-ND1

Reactome Pathways†

• CYP2E1 reactions - (Reactome via Pathway Interaction Database)
• P450 Dehalogenation - (Reactome via Pathway Interaction Database)

Non-Curated Information

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other drugs is available.

Curated Information

The following diseases are in curated knowledge about this drug.

	Disease	Relationship	Evidence
	Malignant Hyperthermia		Publications

Non-Curated Information

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug along with other diseases is available.

LinkOuts

Common Searches

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Non-Curated Publications

A list of non-curated publications that mention this drug is available.